# About Airtool 2
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/airtool2/about
Overview, key features, and system requirements for Airtool 2.
*Airtool 2* is a system menu bar app that makes it easy to capture Wi-Fi traffic and gives you quick access to functions of your Mac's built-in Wi-Fi adapter, such as showing the current Wi-Fi state (associated or not associated) and channel information, and disconnecting from a network.
*Airtool 2* can also capture Zigbee and Bluetooth Low Energy (LE) traffic using a compatible USB sniffer dongle, and offers advanced features such as live packet captures using [Wireshark](https://www.wireshark.org), support for remote Wi-Fi captures using a suitable sensor, and integration with cloud services for managing captures.
## Key features
* Capture Wi-Fi traffic on a single or multiple channels using the built-in Wi-Fi adapter
* Capture Zigbee and Bluetooth LE traffic using a compatible USB sniffer dongle
* Automatically launch Wireshark or a custom script for post-processing and analysis
* Remote Wi-Fi captures using a capable Linux box with a compatible Wi-Fi adapter
* Flexible capture options: file size limits, file rotation, and automatic frame slicing
* Automatic or manual upload of captures to cloud services such as [CloudShark](https://cloudshark.io/) and [Packets](https://packets.arista.com/)
## System requirements
* macOS 13.5 (Ventura) or later
* Built-in Wi-Fi adapter (sensors and USB dongles optional, depending on capture type)
## Release notes
For a list of changes in each version, see the [Airtool 2 release notes](https://www.intuitibits.com/release-notes/airtool2/).
## See also
* [Glossary](/glossary)
# About packet captures
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/airtool2/about-packet-captures
Overview of packet captures in Airtool 2.
*Airtool 2* can capture Wi-Fi traffic on single or multiple channels using the built-in Wi-Fi adapter. It can also perform remote Wi-Fi captures using a *sensor* and capture other protocols such as Zigbee and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) using a compatible USB dongle.
When capturing Wi-Fi traffic using the built-in Wi-Fi adapter, *Airtool 2* will disconnect the adapter from the network as it needs to put the adapter into *monitor mode*. *Monitor mode* is an operation mode where the adapter passes all of the Wi-Fi frames to *Airtool 2* instead of only those frames intended for the host computer, allowing *Airtool 2* to *sniff* the over-the-air traffic.
Because macOS does not provide third-party apps with an official mechanism to manage the adapter, *Airtool 2* attempts to reconnect to the previous network by power-cycling the adapter. Your Mac may instead connect to a different preferred network or may not reconnect.
When you stop the capture, *Airtool 2* will automatically open the capture file using the default application for handling capture files if there's one installed (e.g., [Wireshark](https://www.wireshark.org)). You can change this behavior by going to the *Airtool 2* menu bar extra > *Settings* > *General* and choosing a different option under *After saving capture file*, such as opening the file in a different application that can read *pcapng* format, or doing nothing at all.
***
## Capture metadata
*Airtool 2* embeds a summary of the capture configuration as a comment in the *pcapng* file. Most packet analyzers can display it; in Wireshark, go to *Statistics* > *Capture File Properties*.
The comment typically includes the capture source (e.g., the built-in Wi-Fi adapter, a sensor, or another connected device), the interface used, and the channel, band, and channel width. For example:
```
Device: Built-in Wi-Fi
Interface: en0, Channel: 6 (2.4 GHz, 20 MHz)
```
For multiple channel captures, the comment lists the channels and dwell time instead of a single channel. For multi-source captures, it lists the device, interface, and channel for each source. It also notes any active capture options that affect how the file was recorded, such as [frame slicing](/airtool2/use-automatic-frame-slicing) or a capture file size limit.
***
## Notifications
After terminating the capture, *Airtool 2* will show a notification with the capture details, including filename, size, and the number of frames. You can click the notification to reveal the capture file in *Finder*. If the capture was uploaded to a cloud service, you can click the notification to launch a browser and automatically open the capture in the cloud service's dashboard.
If you've configured *Airtool 2* to launch the capture in an external application, the notification only includes the size and number of frames forwarded to the external application.
To disable notifications, go to the *Airtool 2* menu bar extra > *Settings* > *General* and clear **Show capture complete notification**.
## See also
* [Capture on a single or multiple channels](/airtool2/capture-using-the-built-in-wifi-adapter)
* [Capture on multiple channels and sensors](/airtool2/capture-on-multiple-channels-and-sensors)
* [Do live captures with Wireshark](/airtool2/do-live-captures-with-wireshark)
* [Change General settings](/airtool2/general-settings)
# Capture iOS device packet traces
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/airtool2/capture-ios-device-packet-traces
Capture packet traces from an iOS device using Airtool 2.
You can capture packet traces from iOS devices using *Airtool 2*. A packet trace capture from an iOS device records traffic at the network layer passing through *all* interfaces, including Wi-Fi, AWDL, and cellular.
You cannot target a specific interface on your iOS device as you would do on the Mac, so *Airtool 2* saves information about the interface in the packet metadata. You can use your packet analyzer tool to display the interface for each packet and filter the trace based on that interface.
## Requirements
*Airtool 2* uses a tool called Remote Virtual Interface (RVI) to capture packet traces from your iOS device. RVI is managed using a command-line interface called *rvictl*, which is part of [Xcode](https://developer.apple.com/xcode/).
Install Xcode from the [Mac App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/xcode/id497799835?mt=12) if you haven't already. Then, launch Xcode and install the additional required components.
On a Mac with Apple silicon, you must also enable System Extensions. To learn more about enabling system extensions, see [About system extensions and macOS](https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT210999).
If you're still unable to capture a packet trace after enabling system extensions, you may need to go to *System Settings* > *Privacy & Security* and click **Allow** to finish installing Apple's system extension required to use the RVI tool.
To verify that *rvictl* is correctly installed, open Terminal and type:
```bash theme={null}
rvictl
```
If you get the message `command not found: rvictl`, then *rvictl* is not installed or it cannot be found. To troubleshoot RVI, see *Troubleshooting the Remote Virtual Interface (RVI)* in [Troubleshooting Packet Traces](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/network/recording_a_packet_trace/troubleshooting_packet_traces).
***
## Connect the device and start capturing
1. Connect your iOS device to your Mac via USB.
2. Choose the capture packet trace option for the connected iOS device from the *Airtool 2* menu.
As with other types of captures, *Airtool 2* features such as capture size limits, file rotation, and live captures are available when recording packet traces from iOS devices.
## See also
* [Do live captures with Wireshark](/airtool2/do-live-captures-with-wireshark)
# Capture on multiple channels and sensors
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/airtool2/capture-on-multiple-channels-and-sensors
Capture Wi-Fi traffic simultaneously across multiple channels and sensors in Airtool 2.
You can use *Airtool 2* to capture Wi-Fi traffic on multiple channels simultaneously by using multiple sensors. When using multiple sensors, *Airtool 2* generates a single capture file by merging the frames captured on each sensor based on their timestamps.
To ensure the correct merging of Wi-Fi frames from each sensor, *Airtool 2* requires all sensors to synchronize their time using NTP.
*Airtool 2* uses the [PCAP Next Generation (pcapng) Capture File Format](https://github.com/pcapng/pcapng). This format allows *Airtool 2* to annotate each frame with the sensor and interface name used to capture the frame. You can use this information to filter frames by sensor and interface name in [Wireshark](https://www.wireshark.org).
You can also capture Wi-Fi traffic on multiple channels simultaneously using the same sensor if the sensor supports more than one Wi-Fi adapter. For example, if you have three sensors, and each sensor supports two Wi-Fi adapters, you can capture Wi-Fi traffic on six different channels simultaneously.
All *Airtool 2* features—including automatic frame slicing, capture size limits, file rotation, and live captures—are fully supported when doing multi-source captures, just as they are with the built-in Wi-Fi adapter.
***
## Prepare for a multi-source capture
You must first go to the *Airtool 2* menu bar extra > *Settings* > *Sensors* and add any sensors you would like to use for multi-source captures. You only need to add a sensor the first time you use it. After that, the sensor will always be available for multi-source captures.
*Airtool 2* discovers [WLAN Pi](http://www.wlanpi.com)-based sensors deployed in your local area network automatically.
Also, make sure you plug in at least one compatible Wi-Fi adapter per sensor and know the interface name assigned to it (e.g., `wlan0`) as you will need it when configuring the sensor for capturing.
## Start a multi-source capture
1. Choose **Multi-Source Capture** from the *Airtool 2* menu.
2. Click the **+** button to add an entry for each sensor you want to use for capturing.
3. For each entry, configure which sensor, interface name, channel, and channel width you want to use.
4. Click **Start Capture** to begin.
*Airtool 2* won't allow you to start the capture if it detects an invalid configuration. For example, you cannot use the same sensor and interface name combination twice.
To reduce the amount of data sent back from a sensor, enable **Limit each frame to** and enter the desired frame size in bytes.
## See also
* [Capture using a sensor](/airtool2/capture-using-a-sensor)
* [Change Sensors settings](/airtool2/sensors-settings)
* [Do live captures with Wireshark](/airtool2/do-live-captures-with-wireshark)
* [Use automatic frame slicing](/airtool2/use-automatic-frame-slicing)
# Capture using a Hamina Clip
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/airtool2/capture-using-a-hamina-clip
Capture Wi-Fi traffic using a Hamina Clip in Airtool 2.
*Airtool 2* can use the *[Hamina Clip](https://www.hamina.com/clip)* as a locally connected Wi-Fi capture device. When connected to your Mac, *Airtool 2* treats the Clip like any other supported capture adapter, allowing you to configure, start, and stop captures directly from the app and analyze the results in Wireshark or save them for later review.
The *Hamina Clip* is a compact, portable Wi-Fi measurement device designed for wireless professionals. It includes two independent Wi-Fi radios, allowing it to capture traffic on up to two channels simultaneously.
When used with *Airtool 2*, the *Clip* acts as a local capture adapter connected directly to your laptop, enabling packet capture without using the Mac's built-in Wi-Fi interface.
Regulatory domain restrictions and other factors determine which channels are available for capturing.
All *Airtool 2* features—including automatic frame slicing, capture size limits, file rotation, and live captures—are fully supported when using the *Clip*, just as they are with the built-in Wi-Fi adapter.
## Connect and start capturing
Follow these steps to capture Wi-Fi traffic on up to two simultaneous channels using the *Clip*:
1. Connect the *Clip* to your Mac over USB-C.
2. Wait a few seconds for the *Clip* to initialize and become ready for capturing.
3. Open the *Airtool 2* menu and choose **Hamina Clip…**.
4. Select and configure the channel and channel width for each channel you want to capture.
5. Click **Start Capture** to begin.
## See also
* [Do live captures with Wireshark](/airtool2/do-live-captures-with-wireshark)
* [Use automatic frame slicing](/airtool2/use-automatic-frame-slicing)
# Capture using a sensor
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/airtool2/capture-using-a-sensor
Perform remote Wi-Fi captures using a sensor in Airtool 2.
*Airtool 2* can be used to perform remote or external Wi-Fi traffic captures using a capable Linux box with a suitable Wi-Fi adapter, such as the [WLAN Pi](http://www.wlanpi.com).
Sensor captures are done by using *SSH* to connect to the sensor. When *Airtool 2* connects to the sensor using *SSH*, it executes a series of commands to capture Wi-Fi traffic. These commands put the sensor's Wi-Fi adapter (e.g., `wlan0`) into *monitor mode*, set the desired channel and channel width, and then run [`tcpdump`](https://www.tcpdump.org) to start a capture and send the Wi-Fi frames back over to *Airtool 2* via the *SSH* connection.
Because *Airtool 2* will use the sensor's main Wi-Fi adapter for capturing, *Airtool 2* needs to connect to the sensor using a wired connection or a secondary Wi-Fi adapter.
If using a secondary Wi-Fi adapter, make sure the channel you will be capturing on is not the same as the channel the secondary Wi-Fi adapter is using.
All *Airtool 2* features—including automatic frame slicing, capture size limits, file rotation, and live captures—are fully supported when using a *sensor*, just as they are with the built-in Wi-Fi adapter.
***
## Building a sensor
A sensor is just a Linux box configured to allow for remote execution of specific commands to perform traffic captures using a suitable Wi-Fi adapter.
To use a Linux box as a *sensor* in *Airtool 2*, you must ensure the sensor allows SSH access using username and password authentication. Passwordless authentication is not supported at the moment.
You will also need a Wi-Fi adapter that supports *monitor mode*. *Airtool 2* will automatically choose the first wireless interface to do the capture, but you can also specify the name of the interface you wish to use when starting the capture.
The [WLAN Pi](http://www.wlanpi.com) comes pre-configured to work as a *sensor* for *Airtool 2*.
### Install the required utilities
For a Linux box to work as a sensor, the following utilities must be installed:
| Utility | Used for |
| - | - |
| `ip` (iproute2) | Configuring the Wi-Fi interface |
| `iw` | Putting the interface in *monitor mode* and setting the channel |
| `tcpdump` | Capturing Wi-Fi traffic |
### Configure passwordless sudo
*Airtool 2* runs the utilities listed above over SSH with `sudo`, so the SSH user you use to connect to the sensor must be able to run them **without being prompted for a password**. You can grant that permission to only those utilities by adding a file to the `/etc/sudoers.d/` directory on the sensor:
1. Find the absolute path of each utility. Paths vary between Linux distributions, so check them on the sensor itself rather than assuming the ones used in the example below:
```bash theme={null}
command -v ip iw tcpdump
```
2. Create the sudoers file, called `wlandump` in this example, using `visudo`, which checks the syntax before saving:
```bash theme={null}
sudo visudo -f /etc/sudoers.d/wlandump
```
3. Add a single line listing the utilities, using the paths you found in step 1:
```text theme={null}
%sudo ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /sbin/iw, /bin/ip, /usr/bin/tcpdump
```
The paths above are examples. `sudo` matches each rule against the exact path of the command it runs, so if a utility is installed elsewhere on your sensor, replace the example path with the one you found in step 1.
4. Save the file and exit the editor, then make the file read-only:
```bash theme={null}
sudo chmod -w /etc/sudoers.d/wlandump
```
5. Verify the configuration by logging in to the sensor as the SSH user and running a utility with `sudo -n`, which fails instead of prompting for a password:
```bash theme={null}
sudo -n iw dev
```
If the command lists the wireless interfaces, the SSH user can run the utilities without entering a password. If it returns "sudo: a password is required", check the paths you entered in step 3 and the group membership described below.
The example line grants passwordless `sudo` to every member of the `sudo` group (`%sudo`). If the SSH user doesn't belong to that group, replace `%sudo` with the username, as in `wlanpi ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /sbin/iw, /bin/ip, /usr/bin/tcpdump`.
A syntax error in a file under `/etc/sudoers.d/` can prevent `sudo` from working on the sensor. Edit these files with `visudo`, which refuses to save a file that contains invalid syntax.
***
## Using a sensor
To use a *sensor*, go to the *Airtool 2* menu bar extra > *Settings* > *Sensors* and add a new sensor. You will need the hostname or IP address of the sensor. If the sensor is not configured to use the standard SSH port (TCP port 22), specify the correct port number in the **Port** field. Then choose the sensor from the *Airtool 2* menu to start the capture.
*Airtool 2* discovers [WLAN Pi](http://www.wlanpi.com)-based sensors deployed in your local area network automatically.
Before the capture starts, you will be prompted to enter the name of the wireless interface you wish to capture on remotely (e.g., `wlan0`) and to select the channel and the channel width. If you don't provide an interface name, *Airtool 2* will automatically choose the first wireless interface to do the capture.
The remote wireless interface may not support some channels and channel widths. If the selected channel and channel width combination is not supported, the capture will fail, and you may choose to change the capture options and try again.
The first time you capture from the *sensor*, you will be prompted to authenticate using the sensor's SSH username and password. You can choose to have *Airtool 2* remember the credentials, so you don't have to enter them every time you do a capture. *Airtool 2* will store the credentials securely in your Mac's keychain.
***
## Managing sensors
To manage the sensors, go to the *Airtool 2* menu bar extra > *Settings* > *Sensors*. You can add, edit or delete existing sensors, mark sensors as *favorite*, and change the sensors' order by dragging the entries in the list.
If you mark the sensor as *favorite*, *Airtool 2* will list the sensor in the main menu for quicker access.
You can also import or export sensors in JSON format, or run diagnostics on a sensor, by clicking the **More** button.
## See also
* [Do live captures with Wireshark](/airtool2/do-live-captures-with-wireshark)
* [Use automatic frame slicing](/airtool2/use-automatic-frame-slicing)
* [Change Sensors settings](/airtool2/sensors-settings)
# Capture using a WiFi Coconut
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/airtool2/capture-using-a-wifi-coconut
Capture Wi-Fi traffic using a WiFi Coconut in Airtool 2.
You can use *Airtool 2* to capture Wi-Fi traffic using a [WiFi Coconut](https://docs.hak5.org/wifi-coconut). The WiFi Coconut is a wireless device featuring an array of 14 802.11 Wi-Fi radios that you can use to simultaneously capture Wi-Fi traffic from all 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi channels. The WiFi Coconut also supports capturing Wi-Fi traffic from a single 2.4 GHz channel.
As with other types of captures, *Airtool 2* features such as capture size limits, file rotation, and live captures are available when capturing Wi-Fi traffic using a WiFi Coconut.
## Requirements
*Airtool 2* uses the WiFi Coconut tools to capture packets from the WiFi Coconut. Install the WiFi Coconut tools as indicated in the [WiFi Coconut User's Manual](https://docs.hak5.org/wifi-coconut/) if you haven't already.
To verify that the WiFi Coconut tools are correctly installed, open Terminal and type:
```bash theme={null}
wifi_coconut
```
If you get the message `command not found: wifi_coconut`, then the WiFi Coconut tools are not installed or cannot be found. For more information about installing the WiFi Coconut tools, see [Installing the WiFi Coconut tools](https://docs.hak5.org/wifi-coconut/software-and-drivers/installing-on-macos).
*Airtool 2* does not support multiple WiFi Coconut devices and will only use the first WiFi Coconut connected to your Mac.
***
## Capture all 2.4 GHz channels simultaneously
1. Connect the WiFi Coconut to your Mac.
2. Go to the *Airtool 2* menu and choose *Capture WiFi Coconut > All Channels*.
## Capture a single 2.4 GHz channel
1. Connect the WiFi Coconut to your Mac.
2. Open the *Airtool 2* menu and choose the desired channel from **Capture WiFi Coconut**.
## See also
* [Do live captures with Wireshark](/airtool2/do-live-captures-with-wireshark)
# Capture using an Oscium Nomad
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/airtool2/capture-using-an-oscium-nomad
Capture Wi-Fi traffic using an Oscium Nomad in Airtool 2.
You can use *Airtool 2* to capture Wi-Fi traffic using an *Oscium Nomad*. The *Nomad* is a portable, battery-powered Wi-Fi measurement device, built by [Oscium](https://www.oscium.com) to facilitate efficient and precise site surveys with [Hamina Onsite](https://www.hamina.com/onsite).
The *Nomad* is equipped with four Wi-Fi 6E radios, allowing simultaneous traffic capture on up to four channels across the 2.4, 5, and 6 GHz bands when used with *Airtool 2*.
Regulatory domain restrictions and other factors determine which channels are available for capturing.
All *Airtool 2* features—including automatic frame slicing, capture size limits, file rotation, and live captures—are fully supported when using the *Nomad*, just as they are with the built-in Wi-Fi adapter.
## Connect and start capturing
Follow these steps to capture Wi-Fi traffic on one or more simultaneous channels using the *Nomad*:
1. Connect the *Nomad* to your Mac.
2. Wait a few seconds for the *Nomad* to initialize and become ready for capturing.
3. Open the *Airtool 2* menu and choose **Oscium Nomad…**.
4. Select and configure the channel and channel width for each channel you want to capture.
5. Click **Start Capture** to begin.
## See also
* [Do live captures with Wireshark](/airtool2/do-live-captures-with-wireshark)
* [Use automatic frame slicing](/airtool2/use-automatic-frame-slicing)
# Capture using the built-in Wi-Fi adapter
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/airtool2/capture-using-the-built-in-wifi-adapter
Capture Wi-Fi traffic on single or multiple channels using the built-in Wi-Fi adapter in Airtool 2.
*Airtool 2* can capture Wi-Fi traffic using the built-in Wi-Fi adapter, either on a single channel or across multiple channels. A single channel capture stays on one channel and captures all of its traffic. A multiple channel capture hops between several channels to get a broader view of the Wi-Fi environment, at the cost of missing some traffic on each channel while hopping.
***
## Capture on a single channel
Single channel captures can be done by choosing *Capture on* from the *Airtool 2* menu.
When the adapter is associated to a network, *Airtool 2* will disconnect the adapter, put it into *monitor mode*, and then start the capture using the channel and channel width currently in use by the Wi-Fi interface.
To capture using a different channel or channel width, select the desired combination from **Capture on Other 2.4 GHz**, **Capture on Other 5 GHz**, or **Capture on Other 6 GHz** in the *Airtool 2* menu.
Capturing on 6 GHz channels is available on Mac computers with Wi-Fi 6E support only.
***
## Capture on multiple channels
Multiple, non-simultaneous, channel captures can be done by selecting *Capture on All Channels* and then choosing the desired band(s) from the *Airtool 2* menu.
Multiple channel captures are not available on Mac computers with the Apple M1 chip.
When doing a multiple channel capture, *Airtool 2* iterates (hops) over the list of selected channels using a dwell time of `250 ms`. The dwell time is the amount of time *Airtool 2* will listen on a channel before switching to the next channel. The channel dwell time can be changed by going to the *Airtool 2* menu bar extra > *Settings* > *Advanced*. The minimum dwell time is `100 ms`.
Because *Airtool 2* is *hopping* between channels, not all traffic will be captured. Capturing on multiple channels is usually done to get a general overview of the Wi-Fi environment or to meet particular troubleshooting requirements.
For any option that includes the 5 GHz band, all channels (*UNII-1*, *UNII-2A*, *UNII-2C*, *UNII-3*, and *UNII-4*) are considered by default for a multiple channel capture. You can deselect a band by going to the *Airtool 2* menu bar extra > *Settings* > *Advanced*.
For any option that includes the 6 GHz band, all channels (UNII-5, UNII-6, UNII-7, and UNII-8) are considered by default for a multiple channel capture. You can deselect a band by going to the *Airtool 2* menu bar extra > *Settings* > *Advanced*. When you choose **6 GHz (PSC only)**, only the Preferred Scanning Channels (PSC) in the selected UNII bands are used for capturing.
Multiple channel captures can only be done using 20 MHz channel width.
When the capture is done, *Airtool 2* will automatically set the channel and channel width back to what it was set before the capture started.
## See also
* [Do live captures with Wireshark](/airtool2/do-live-captures-with-wireshark)
* [Use automatic frame slicing](/airtool2/use-automatic-frame-slicing)
* [Change Advanced settings](/airtool2/advanced-settings)
# Capture Zigbee or Bluetooth LE traffic
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/airtool2/capture-zigbee-or-bluetooth-le-traffic
Capture Zigbee or Bluetooth LE traffic using a compatible USB sniffer dongle in Airtool 2.
In addition to Wi-Fi traffic, *Airtool 2* can also capture Zigbee and Bluetooth Low Energy (LE) traffic using a compatible USB sniffer dongle.
## Compatible Zigbee USB sniffer dongles
* [RapidConnect Zigbee USB Stick](https://www.digikey.com/en/products/detail/mmb-networks/CSB04PA10-USB/9953048)
* [TI CC2531 USB Evaluation Module Kit](https://www.ti.com/tool/CC2531EMK)
## Compatible Bluetooth LE USB sniffer dongles
* [TI CC2540 USB Evaluation Module Kit](https://www.ti.com/tool/CC2540EMK-USB)
* [Ubertooth One](https://greatscottgadgets.com/ubertoothone/)
When you plug in a compatible USB sniffer dongle, *Airtool 2* will automatically show an option in its main menu to capture Zigbee or Bluetooth LE traffic on a specific channel.
***
## Capture Zigbee traffic
1. Plug in a compatible Zigbee USB sniffer dongle.
2. Start a Zigbee capture by choosing the Zigbee channel (11-26) from **Capture Zigbee**.
## Capture Bluetooth LE traffic
1. Plug in a compatible Bluetooth LE USB sniffer dongle.
2. Start a Bluetooth LE capture by choosing the Bluetooth LE advertisement channel (37-39) from **Capture Bluetooth LE**.
## See also
* [Do live captures with Wireshark](/airtool2/do-live-captures-with-wireshark)
# Configure capture limits and capture file rotation
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/airtool2/configure-capture-limits-and-capture-file-rotation
Limit capture file size and configure capture file rotation in Airtool 2.
*Airtool 2* offers options to limit the size of the capture files and the number of files generated for a given capture session. You can also configure *Airtool 2* to rotate capture files.
***
## Configure capture limits
To limit the size of a capture, go to the *Airtool 2* menu bar extra > *Settings* > *General* and select **Limit each capture to**.
You can limit a capture by:
* File size (`kilobytes` or `megabytes`)
* Time (`seconds` or `minutes`)
* Number of frames
If capture limits are set, you can use ⇧-Click when selecting a capture option from the *Airtool 2* menu to ignore limits for that capture session only.
If you're using capture file limits, you can also configure *Airtool 2* to generate multiple files per capture (the *Airtool 2* menu bar extra > *Settings* > *General* > *Files per capture*).
***
## Configure capture file rotation
If you have configured *Airtool 2* to generate multiple files per capture, you can also have *Airtool 2* rotate the capture files.
Capture file rotation is useful if you need to run a capture for extended periods and cannot afford to use a lot of disk space to save the captures. For example, you may need to keep capturing traffic until an issue occurs and then have available for analysis, the transmitted frames before or after the event. You can avoid creating large capture files by enabling file rotation with several files and a maximum capture size per file appropriate for the troubleshooting scenario.
To rotate the capture files, go to the *Airtool 2* menu bar extra > *Settings* > *General* and select **Rotate capture files**.
## See also
* [Change General settings](/airtool2/general-settings)
# Do live captures with Wireshark
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/airtool2/do-live-captures-with-wireshark
Launch live captures directly in Wireshark from Airtool 2.
By default, *Airtool 2* generates capture files and saves them to your Mac or cloud service. However, you can also choose to launch [Wireshark](https://www.wireshark.org) to see the capture *live*. In this case, *Airtool 2* does not generate a capture file; instead, packets are sent to *Wireshark* to be displayed immediately as the capture happens. When the capture is terminated, you can save the file from *Wireshark* if necessary.
To do a live capture, you can either go to the *Airtool 2* menu bar extra > *Settings* > *General* and choose to launch captures in *Wireshark*, or *Option-Click* a capture menu option to automatically start a capture session in *Wireshark* using the selected channel(s) and channel width.
If you configure *Airtool 2* to launch a capture in *Wireshark* automatically, you can use *Option-Click* when starting the capture in *Airtool 2* to generate a capture file instead.
Live captures can be done using single or multiple channel captures. You can also do a *remote* live capture when capturing from a *sensor*. In this case, packets are captured remotely and sent to *Airtool 2*, which then forwards the packets to *Wireshark* to be displayed.
## See also
* [Capture using a sensor](/airtool2/capture-using-a-sensor)
* [Change General settings](/airtool2/general-settings)
# Set the location for capture files
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/airtool2/set-the-location-for-capture-files
Configure where Airtool 2 saves capture files.
Capture files are automatically saved to your Desktop using the *pcap* format and the following naming convention: ***airtool\_yyyy-MM-dd\_hh.mm.ss.a.pcap*** — for example, ***airtool\_2024-01-15\_03.45.22.PM.pcap***.
You can change the default location for capture files by choosing the *Airtool 2* menu bar extra > *Settings* > *General* and selecting a different location.
You may also have *Airtool 2* ask where to save the file after each capture by selecting **Ask for each capture** under **Capture files location**.
If you have configured *Airtool 2* to generate multiple files per capture, *Airtool 2* will ask you to choose the capture files' location *before* the capture starts.
## See also
* [Change General settings](/airtool2/general-settings)
# Use automatic frame slicing
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/airtool2/use-automatic-frame-slicing
Reduce capture file size by discarding data frame payloads in Airtool 2.
Troubleshooting Wi-Fi networks at the protocol level involves the analysis of control, management, and data frames. When doing save-to-disk captures of these Wi-Fi frames for analysis, file sizes can grow very rapidly because of the payloads found in data frames.
If you're only interested in frame exchanges or need to meet data and privacy protection guidelines, saving this data might be unnecessary or prohibited. It might also be unnecessary if the wireless network uses encryption because, unless you have a way to decrypt it, the data would be unreadable.
Frame slicing is a technique that saves just a portion of the beginning of each frame, disregarding the remaining bytes. Typically, capture tools can perform frame slicing on a fixed number of bytes, but because Wi-Fi frame headers don't have a fixed length, a fixed number of bytes may or may not be sufficient to save the header portion of all data frames correctly.
*Airtool 2* performs automatic frame slicing, discarding exactly the Layer 3-7 payload, also known as MSDU. When data frame slicing is enabled, *Airtool 2* will only store the 802.11 MAC header of data frames in the capture file.
*Airtool 2* will automatically detect 802.11 MAC header's size for each data frame to correctly discard the payload.
Even though *Airtool 2* will disregard data frames' payload when slicing is enabled, *Airtool 2* will still store the original length as part of the capture metadata, so you know how many bytes of user data the frame was initially carrying.
To enable data frame slicing, go to the *Airtool 2* menu bar extra > *Settings* > *Advanced* and select **Do not save Layer 3-7 payload (MSDU)**.
## See also
* [Change Advanced settings](/airtool2/advanced-settings)
# Glossary
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/glossary
Definitions of Wi-Fi terms used throughout the Intuitibits guides.
These definitions describe how common Wi-Fi terms are used throughout the Intuitibits guides. A product may display a more specific label when the distinction is important.
## Access point
A device that provides Wi-Fi connectivity to client devices. An access point may contain multiple [radios](#radio) and advertise multiple [networks](#network), [SSIDs](#ssid), or [BSSIDs](#bssid).
## Active scan
A method of discovering Wi-Fi networks by sending probe requests and processing probe responses from nearby access points. The bands and channels covered by an active scan depend on the scanning hardware, regulatory domain, and [scan source](#scan-source).
In WiFi Explorer Pro 3, explanatory text refers to this method as *active scan mode*. Linux-based sensors may support active scanning, passive scanning, or both. Android-based sensors support active scanning only.
## Band
A range of radio frequency spectrum allocated for Wi-Fi use, subdivided into [channels](#channel). Three bands are used for Wi-Fi: 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz. Band availability and the number of usable channels depend on the [regulatory domain](#regulatory-domain).
## Beacon
A frame that an access point radio transmits periodically to advertise a [network](#network)'s presence and configuration. Beacons carry the same [information elements](#information-element) as a probe response and are the basis for [passive scanning](#passive-scan).
## BSSID
Basic Service Set Identifier. A 48-bit identifier, commonly displayed in MAC-address format, that identifies a basic service set advertised by an access point radio. Multiple BSSIDs may advertise the same [SSID](#ssid).
## Channel
A numbered portion of a Wi-Fi frequency band used for communication. A channel number is meaningful only in the context of its frequency band. Availability depends on the hardware, regulatory domain, and scan source.
## Channel bonding
A technique that combines two or more adjacent 20 MHz [channels](#channel) into a single, wider channel to increase throughput. One of the combined channels is designated the [primary channel](#primary-channel). See also [channel width](#channel-width).
## Channel width
The amount of radio-frequency spectrum occupied by a Wi-Fi channel, expressed in megahertz (MHz). Common Wi-Fi channel widths include 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 MHz, although availability depends on the band, hardware, regulatory domain, and scan source.
## Client
A device that connects to a Wi-Fi [network](#network) through an [access point](#access-point), such as a laptop, phone, or IoT device. Also called a station.
## Co-channel contention
Also called co-channel interference (CCI). Degraded performance that occurs when two or more devices share the same [channel](#channel) and must take turns transmitting rather than transmitting at the same time. Co-channel contention is most common in the 2.4 GHz band, which has only three non-overlapping channels.
## DFS
Dynamic Frequency Selection. 5 GHz [channels](#channel) 52 through 144 are shared with radar, so an access point using any of them must check for radar before transmitting and move to another channel when it detects radar. It can't return to that channel for 30 minutes. Which of these channels are available depends on the [regulatory domain](#regulatory-domain).
## Directed scan
A variant of [active scanning](#active-scan) in which the probe request includes the [SSID](#ssid) of a specific network, so only access points advertising that network respond.
In WiFi Explorer Pro 3, explanatory text refers to this method as *directed scan mode*.
## Dwell time
The amount of time a scan source listens on a single [channel](#channel) before moving to the next one when scanning multiple channels. Dwell time affects the trade-off between scan speed and the likelihood of detecting intermittent traffic.
## Frame
A unit of data exchanged at the 802.11 MAC layer between Wi-Fi devices, such as a [beacon](#beacon), probe request, or probe response. Wi-Fi troubleshooting and analysis tools operate on frames rather than the higher-level packets used in most networking discussions.
## Information element
A variable-length field within a [beacon](#beacon) or probe response frame that describes a specific capability or configuration detail of a network, such as its supported data rates or security settings. Apps use information elements to build the network details they display.
## Monitor mode
An operating mode for a Wi-Fi adapter in which it passes along all the Wi-Fi frames it receives, rather than only the frames addressed to it. Monitor mode is required for [passive scanning](#passive-scan) and for most packet capture.
## Network
A Wi-Fi service represented in scan results. Depending on the view or grouping mode, a network entry may represent an individual [BSSID](#bssid) or may be grouped with related entries. Multiple network entries can share the same [SSID](#ssid). Heuristic groupings do not necessarily establish authoritative physical-device identity.
## Noise
An estimate of background radio-frequency energy measured by the scan source, usually expressed in dBm. Noise measurements and their accuracy depend on the hardware and scan method. A more negative dBm value represents a lower measured noise level.
## OBSS
Overlapping Basic Service Sets. Destructive interference that can occur when two nearby access points bond the same channels but designate a different [primary channel](#primary-channel), causing both to treat the medium as clear and transmit at the same time. Wider bonded channels are more susceptible to OBSS. See also [channel bonding](#channel-bonding).
## Passive scan
A method of discovering or monitoring Wi-Fi networks by listening for beacon frames and other available 802.11 traffic instead of sending probe requests. Passive scanning typically requires a Wi-Fi adapter or sensor capable of monitor mode.
In WiFi Explorer Pro 3, explanatory text refers to this method as *passive scan mode*. Linux-based sensors may support active scanning, passive scanning, or both. Android-based sensors do not support passive scanning.
## Primary channel
The 20 MHz channel within a bonded, wider channel that devices use to determine whether the medium is clear before transmitting. See [channel bonding](#channel-bonding) and [OBSS](#obss).
## Probe request
A frame a client sends while [active scanning](#active-scan) to solicit a response from nearby access points. A probe request may target a specific [SSID](#ssid) (see [directed scan](#directed-scan)) or request a response from any network in range.
## Probe response
A frame an access point sends in reply to a probe request, containing the same [information elements](#information-element) as a beacon.
## Radio
A radio-frequency transceiver within a Wi-Fi device. An access point may contain multiple radios for different frequency bands, and each radio may advertise one or more BSSIDs.
## Regulatory domain
The set of Wi-Fi frequency and power rules enforced by a country or region's spectrum authority (for example, the FCC in the United States or Ofcom in the United Kingdom). The regulatory domain determines which bands and channels are available for use.
## RSSI
Received Signal Strength Indicator. An estimate of the power of a received signal, commonly displayed in dBm. RSSI measurements are specific to the receiving hardware and should not be treated as precisely comparable across different devices or scan sources. A value closer to 0 dBm represents a stronger received signal.
## Scan source
The hardware or data feed from which an app obtains Wi-Fi scan information. Examples include the Mac's built-in Wi-Fi adapter, a remote sensor, or an encapsulated capture feed. The scan source affects which bands, channels, measurements, and scan modes are available.
## Sensor
A remote device that scans for Wi-Fi networks or captures Wi-Fi traffic and sends the results to an app for analysis. Sensor capabilities depend on the device, Wi-Fi adapter, operating system, installed utilities, and configuration.
## SNR
Signal-to-noise ratio. The difference, expressed in decibels (dB), between the received signal level and the measured noise level. A higher SNR generally indicates that the signal is easier to distinguish from background noise. SNR is available only when the scan source provides the measurements needed to calculate it.
## SSID
Service Set Identifier. The name of a Wi-Fi network. Multiple access points, radios, or BSSIDs may advertise the same SSID. An SSID is therefore not a unique identifier for an access point or physical device.
## Vendor
The manufacturer of an access point or radio, generally derived from the Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI) — the first three octets of a [BSSID](#bssid) — using a vendor database. Vendor identification is a best-effort lookup and may be unavailable or imprecise if the OUI isn't registered or is locally administered.
# Guides
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/index
Documentation, guides, and troubleshooting for Intuitibits apps.
Choose an app to browse its guide, or search for a specific topic.
Discover, analyze, and troubleshoot nearby Wi-Fi networks.
Analyze Wi-Fi networks with advanced scanning, spectrum analysis, and inspection tools.
Analyze Wi-Fi networks on Windows with advanced scanning and filtering tools.
Capture Wi-Fi, Zigbee, and Bluetooth LE traffic for analysis.
Monitor your Wi-Fi connection, signal strength, and noise from the menu bar.
Serve and receive files over TFTP, SFTP, FTP, HTTP, and HTTPS.
New to Wi-Fi terminology? See the [Glossary](/glossary) for definitions used throughout these guides.
***
## Still need help?
Can't find what you need? We're happy to help.
Ask a question or get help with an Intuitibits app.
Explore our apps, release notes, and other resources.
# Wi-Fi troubleshooting basics
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/troubleshooting-basics
Core Wi-Fi concepts for diagnosing wireless connectivity and performance problems, used throughout the Intuitibits guides.
Unlike a wired Ethernet connection, Wi-Fi devices share a limited slice of radio spectrum with every other device around them, and signal quality degrades unpredictably with distance, obstacles, and interference. Most real-world connectivity and performance problems trace back to a handful of underlying causes: an unsuitable frequency band, a crowded or overlapping channel, weak signal quality, a congested channel, or a channel width that doesn't suit the environment.
This page walks through those causes so you can recognize and diagnose them regardless of which Intuitibits app you're using. Each section explains what the concept means, how to recognize when it's contributing to a problem, and what to check or change.
***
## Band
Modern Wi-Fi devices may operate on three different frequency bands: 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz.
| | 2.4 GHz | 5 GHz | 6 GHz |
| - | - | - | - |
| **Channel** | 3 non-overlapping channels | Up to 25 non-overlapping channels | Up to 59 non-overlapping channels |
| **Mode** | b, g, n, ax, be | a, n, ac, ax, be | ax, be |
| **Network Range** | Wider range | Shorter range | Shorter range |
| **Interference** | High | Medium | Low |
Almost all consumer and enterprise wireless routers and access points support dual operation in the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands, but older models, as well as older wireless clients, only operate in the 2.4 GHz band. Newer devices may support tri-band operation in the 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz frequency bands.
Each access point radio operates on a single band and channel at a time. An access point that offers all three bands typically does so using three separate radios, one per band, each configured independently.
If you are troubleshooting or setting up a new wireless network, determine which frequency bands are supported by the different wireless client devices to ensure they can connect to the network.
Channel availability varies by country. Check with your local regulatory authority (e.g., the FCC in the United States, or Ofcom in the United Kingdom) for the bands and channels permitted in your region.
***
## Range
The 5 GHz and 6 GHz bands have a shorter range because the higher the frequency, the harder it is for the radio waves to travel through obstacles (walls, ceiling, etc.). This signal loss caused by obstacles is called attenuation, and it's one of the main reasons two networks on the same band and at the same transmit power can still have very different effective range in practice.
If you are deploying or troubleshooting a network in the 5 GHz or 6 GHz band, keep in mind that the distance it will cover will be smaller than a 2.4 GHz wireless network.
***
## Interference
In wireless communications, the transmitted signals of co-existing or adjacent channels will overlap and interfere with each other, resulting in low signal quality. Signals may generate from nearby networks in the same frequency band or from non-Wi-Fi and external sources such as video baby monitors, cordless phones, microwave ovens, etc.
The 2.4 GHz band has only three non-overlapping, 20 MHz-wide channels. These channels are 1, 6, and 11. Consequently, the presence of multiple 2.4 GHz access points and clients in adjacent channels will have a significant impact on the performance of your wireless network and may result in degraded throughput and added latency. If you are using the 2.4 GHz band, you should choose the less congested, non-overlapping channel for your network.
Nearby access points that end up sharing the same channel must take turns transmitting rather than talking at the same time, an effect known as [co-channel contention](/glossary#co-channel-contention) (or co-channel interference, CCI). Because the 2.4 GHz band only has three non-overlapping channels, CCI with at least one nearby access point is common even on a well-planned network. The 5 GHz and 6 GHz bands offer many more non-overlapping channels, so CCI is far less likely there.
Networks in the 5 GHz and 6 GHz bands have better performance. They are less impacted by interference because most wireless devices you can find in homes and offices, such as video baby monitors, cordless phones, microwave ovens, Bluetooth, and Internet of Things devices, operate in the 2.4 GHz frequency band. There are also many fewer wireless clients in the 5 GHz or 6 GHz frequency bands and plenty of 20 MHz-wide non-overlapping channels.
If your wireless network is experiencing connectivity and stability issues, make sure you choose the less crowded, non-overlapping channel available. Also, consider using a 6 GHz configuration if your access point and wireless clients support it.
***
## Channel utilization
Channel utilization measures the percentage of time a channel is detected as busy — that is, how much of the available airtime is actually being used for transmissions. It includes traffic from the access point and its own clients, as well as from any other nearby access points and clients sharing the same channel.
Sustained channel utilization above roughly 70% is likely to cause performance issues, even when signal quality is otherwise good, because devices spend more time waiting for a clear channel before they can transmit.
If channel utilization is high but few clients are associated with the access point, the congestion is more likely coming from neighboring networks or non-Wi-Fi interference sources on the same channel than from the access point's own traffic. If the number of associated clients is also high, the access point may be under-provisioned for the number of devices using it.
***
## Signal quality
You can determine your wireless connection's signal quality by monitoring the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the wireless network. This metric compares the signal strength to the background noise levels to offer a more accurate estimation of the connection's quality.
If your wireless network is experiencing connectivity and stability issues, make sure SNR is above 25 dB. A minimum of 25 dB generally delivers reasonable connection rates, but modern high-throughput standards like Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax) and Wi-Fi 7 (802.11be) need 30 dB or higher to reach their highest modulation rates and speeds.
If SNR is lower than 25 dB and signal strength is below 40% (-70 dBm), then you may need to move closer and remove any possible obstructions between your computer and the router to see if the signal level increases.
If SNR is lower than 25 dB and noise is above 10% (-90 dBm), you may need to check any active electronics near the computer or the router and make sure they are turned off or disconnected to see if the noise level decreases.
***
## Channel width
Channel bonding, introduced in the 802.11n wireless standard and extended by every wireless standard since, combines two or more 20 MHz-wide channels into a single, wider channel to achieve higher speeds. In 802.11n, bonding two 20 MHz channels renders a channel width of 40 MHz: 20 MHz from a primary channel plus 20 MHz from a secondary channel below or above the primary channel.
Although possible in some configurations, enabling channel bonding on a 2.4 GHz can significantly increase the chance of interference because you can only create one non-overlapping 40 MHz channel.
If your wireless network in the 2.4 GHz band is experiencing connectivity and stability issues, make sure you use only 20 MHz-wide channels if you live in an area where there are a lot of 2.4 GHz wireless networks.
In 802.11ac, 802.11ax, and 802.11be networks, channels can have a 40, 80, 160, or 320 MHz channel width, though not every width is practical on every band. On 5 GHz, 40 and 80 MHz channels are common, while 160 MHz is rarely used. 160 MHz and 320 MHz channels are mainly practical on the 6 GHz band, which has enough spectrum to support them — though even there, they aren't yet widely used, since a wider channel leaves fewer non-overlapping options and increases the chance of co-channel contention. You should exercise care when using channel bonding and selecting the primary channel for your network if other nearby networks are present, as co-channel contention is still possible between them.
A bonded channel is made up of several adjacent 20 MHz channels, one of which is designated the primary channel. Wireless devices use the primary channel to determine whether the medium is clear before transmitting. If two nearby access points bond the same set of channels but assign a different one as their primary channel, each may see the medium as clear and transmit at the same time, causing destructive interference known as OBSS (Overlapping Basic Service Sets). Wider bonded channels are more susceptible to this, since they leave fewer ways for neighboring networks to avoid overlapping altogether.
802.11ac is limited to the 5 GHz band.
***
If you've worked through these fundamentals and your wireless network is still experiencing issues, each Intuitibits app can help narrow down the cause. *WiFi Explorer* and *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* scan and visualize nearby networks, and can automatically flag common issues like channel overlap, weak signal, or weak security; *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* adds spectrum analysis and remote sensors for deeper investigation. *WiFi Signal* runs continuously in the menu bar to monitor your own connection's signal quality and log events like roams and disconnects over time. *Airtool 2* captures raw Wi-Fi traffic for frame-level analysis in Wireshark, useful when you need to see exactly what's happening over the air.
For issues specific to a particular app, also check its own troubleshooting or settings pages, or consult your access point's or router's manufacturer for guidance specific to your hardware.
# About WiFi Explorer
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorer/about
Overview, key features, and system requirements for WiFi Explorer.
*WiFi Explorer* is an easy-to-use but powerful Wi-Fi scanner that lets you discover, monitor, and troubleshoot wireless networks. It offers a collection of views and filter controls that let you visualize and analyze the Wi-Fi environment quickly and effectively.
You can use *WiFi Explorer* to help design and validate wireless networks, identify channel conflicts and overlapping channels, low signal quality, and other issues that may affect your home, office, or enterprise wireless network's connectivity or performance.
## Key features
* Graphical visualization of the Wi-Fi environment
* Works with 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax/be wireless networks
* Supports 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz frequency bands, and 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 MHz channels
* Signal quality estimations based on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)
* Conversion from dBm to percentage (%) units for easier analysis and optimization
* Dissection of information elements for advanced troubleshooting
* Access point name discovery (if advertised)
* Selectable and sortable columns
* Customizable colors for easily tracking particular networks
* Editable column for labels or annotations
* Save results for later review and analysis, and export to CSV
* Full-screen mode
The bands and channels visible in *WiFi Explorer* depend on the Mac's Wi-Fi hardware, the regulatory domain, and the scan source.
## System requirements
* macOS 13.5 (Ventura) or later
* Built-in Wi-Fi adapter
## Release notes
For a list of changes in each version, see the [WiFi Explorer release notes](https://www.intuitibits.com/release-notes/wifiexplorer/).
## See also
* [Glossary](/glossary)
# Add and manage annotations
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorer/add-and-manage-annotations
Add and manage network annotations in WiFi Explorer.
Annotations are custom labels you can assign to particular networks. They can be used, for example, to indicate the location of an access point (e.g., "2nd floor") or to help identify or monitor several networks with the same network name (SSID).
Annotations will be shown in the *Signal Strength*, *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz*, and *Spectrum 6 GHz* graphs only when the *Annotations* column is being displayed.
If the *Annotations* column is not being displayed, Control-click in the header of the *Networks Table* and then check the *Annotations* column to show it.
***
## Add annotations
There are two ways you can annotate a network. You can annotate a network by going to *WiFi Explorer* > *Settings* > *Annotations* and clicking the **+** button to add a new annotation for a given BSSID.
The BSSID field value may include **?** or **\*** to match multiple networks to the same annotation. **?** will match exactly one character, while **\*** will match zero or more characters. For example, an annotation with BSSID `11:22:33:44:55:*` will be displayed for networks with BSSIDs `11:22:33:44:55:66` and `11:22:33:44:55:77`.
You can also add annotations directly on the *Networks Table* by double-clicking the *Annotations* column's cell of the network you want to annotate. The BSSID mapped to the annotation will correspond to the BSSID of the selected network.
***
## Manage annotations
To manage annotations, go to *WiFi Explorer* > *Settings* > *Annotations*. You can add, edit, or delete existing annotations. You can also edit existing annotations directly on the *Networks Table* by double-clicking the *Annotations* column's cell of the corresponding network.
You can import or export annotations by clicking the **More** button and choosing **Import** or **Export**. You can also remove all existing annotations by choosing **Remove All**.
# Advanced
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorer/advanced-settings
Advanced settings in WiFi Explorer.
Use Advanced settings to adjust the visualization of various items and configure vendor database updates. To change these settings, choose *WiFi Explorer* > *Settings*, then click Advanced.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Include hidden service networks | Mesh and other Wi-Fi systems may create hidden service networks for communication between the Wi-Fi system controller and extenders. Check this option if you want the scan results to include these hidden service networks. |
| When showing network labels, also include | Show the access point name or annotations under the network label in the *WiFi Explorer*'s *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz* and *Spectrum 6 GHz* view. |
| Hide 2.4 or 5 GHz graphs if no networks are displayed | Hide empty graphs for a particular frequency band in the *WiFi Explorer*'s *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz* view automatically. |
| Automatically check for updates | Check for vendor database updates automatically. |
| Automatically download and update database | Choose to download and update the vendor database automatically. |
| Check Now | Click to check for vendor database updates manually. |
## See also
* [Hide empty graphs](/wifiexplorer/hide-empty-graphs)
* [Update the vendor database](/wifiexplorer/update-the-vendors-database)
# Annotations
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorer/annotations-settings
Annotations settings in WiFi Explorer.
Use Annotations settings to create and manage annotations. To change these settings, choose *WiFi Explorer* > *Settings*, then click Annotations.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Search | Use the search field to show only the annotations you want to manage. |
| Annotations list | Shows the list of annotations. To create a new annotation, click the **+** button. To remove the selected annotation, click the **-** button. To import, export, or remove all annotations, click the **More** button. |
## See also
* [Add and manage annotations](/wifiexplorer/add-and-manage-annotations)
# Filter networks by signal strength using keyboard shortcuts
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorer/filter-networks-by-signal-strength-using-keyboard-shortcuts
Use keyboard shortcuts to filter networks by signal strength in WiFi Explorer.
You can filter networks by signal strength using keyboard shortcuts: a combination of the **Control** key and one of the keys representing the numbers from 0 to 9, or the keys below them (Q, W, E, ..., I, O). If you set a filter using one of these shortcuts, you can clear it by pressing **Escape**.
For example, to display only networks with signal strength greater than or equal to -70 dBm, press **Control-7**. Similarly, to display only networks with signal strength greater than or equal to -75 dBm, press **Control-U** (the U key is below and between 7 and 8 on the keyboard, so it gives you the midpoint between -70 and -80 dBm). The same applies when using percentage (%) units for signal strength: 1 for 10%, Q for 15%, 2 for 20%, and so on.
When using a keyboard shortcut to filter networks by signal strength, an indication of the active filter is displayed in the bottom right corner of the *WiFi Explorer* window.
## See also
* [Filter scan results](/wifiexplorer/filter-scan-results)
# Filter networks using automatic filters
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorer/filter-networks-using-automatic-filters
Filter networks using automatic filters in WiFi Explorer.
Automatic filters are dynamically generated based on the scan results. You can choose these filters from the left sidebar by selecting one of the items under each of the following categories:
| Category | Description |
| - | - |
| Network Name | Shows a list of unique SSIDs in use by networks found during the scan. If one or more networks are hidden, then the value *Hidden Network* is used. When you select an item from this category, only the networks using the selected SSID are shown. |
| Annotation | Shows a list of unique annotations assigned to the networks found during the scan. Only the networks that match the selected annotation are shown when you choose an item under this category. |
| Mode | Shows a list of unique 802.11 modes in use by networks during a scan. A mode can be, for example, 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11b/g/n, etc. When you select an item from this category, only the networks that match the selected mode are shown. |
| Channel | Shows a list of unique primary channels in use by networks found during the scan. When you select an item from this category, only the networks using the selected primary channel are shown. |
| Channel Width | Shows a list of unique channel widths in use by networks found during the scan. When you select an item from this category, only the networks using the selected channel width are shown. |
| Security | Shows a list of unique security modes in use by networks found during the scan. When you select an item from this category, only the networks using the selected security mode are shown. |
| Access Point | Shows a list of unique access points, identified by BSSID, found during the scan. If two or more networks using different BSSIDs belong to the same access point, then a *masked* BSSID is used to identify the access point. When you select an item from this category, only the chosen access point's networks are shown. |
| Vendor | Shows a list of unique vendors from the networks found during the scan. When you select an item from this category, only the networks that match the selected vendor are shown. |
If you choose an automatic filter from the sidebar, you can refine the scan results further by typing other keywords in the **Filter** field.
## Negate automatic filters
You can negate an automatic filter by selecting the filter and pressing **Spacebar**. For example, if you choose *WPA2 (PSK)* from the *Security* category and press **Spacebar**, only networks that do not match the *WPA2 (PSK)* filter are shown. To revert the filter, press **Spacebar** again.
The prefix **\~** identifies a negated automatic filter, for example, *\~WPA2 (PSK)*.
## See also
* [Filter scan results](/wifiexplorer/filter-scan-results)
# Filter networks using custom filters
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorer/filter-networks-using-custom-filters
Create and use custom filters in WiFi Explorer.
You can use pre-defined filter controls to quickly display 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz networks, as well as secure or open networks only. To display only 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, 6 GHz, secure, or open networks select the pre-defined filter from the *Quick Filter* bar.
To clear any filters and show all networks, select All from the Quick Filter bar.
## Add a custom filter in Settings
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer* > *Settings* and click *Filters*.
2. Click on the **+** button to add a new filter.
3. Select the new filter and press **Enter** to give it a custom name.
4. Double-click the **Filter** field to enter a new [filter expression](/wifiexplorer/filter-scan-results).
You can change the filter control position in the *Quick Filter* bar by going to *WiFi Explorer* > *Settings* > *Filters* and reordering the entries in the table. To reorder the entries in the table, drag the row, then drop it into the new position.
## See also
* [Filter scan results](/wifiexplorer/filter-scan-results)
# Filter scan results
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorer/filter-scan-results
Filter wireless network scan results in WiFi Explorer.
In *WiFi Explorer*, you can quickly filter scan results to help diagnose or troubleshoot specific wireless networks or environments.
There are many ways to filter scan results in *WiFi Explorer*, including filtering by keywords or specific network attributes. *WiFi Explorer* also offers advanced filter options such as [pre-defined and custom filters](/wifiexplorer/filter-networks-using-custom-filters), [automatic filters](/wifiexplorer/filter-networks-using-automatic-filters), and [keyboard shortcuts](/wifiexplorer/filter-networks-by-signal-strength-using-keyboard-shortcuts).
***
## Filter networks using keywords
You can filter networks by name (SSID), BSSID, channel, signal strength (RSSI), annotations, mode, vendor, access point name, band, country code, security, encryption type, or whether certain capabilities are supported using the **Filter** field.
* To filter networks by name (SSID), annotations, vendor, or access point name, type the text in the **Filter** field. If you need to filter using an exact match, use quotation marks for the keywords, e.g., **"ABC School."**
* To filter networks by BSSID, type either :XX or XX: where XX is an octet of the BSSID. You can also extend the text with more octets (e.g. XX:XX, XX:XX:XX) to search for more specific BSSIDs.
* To filter networks by signal strength (RSSI), type a comparison operator (`<`, `>`, `<=`, or `>=`) and the signal strength level in the **Filter** field. For example, to display only networks with a signal strength greater than or equal to -65 dBm, type **>=-65**. To use signal strength as a percentage, type **>=50%**.
You can also permanently filter and hide networks with weak signals by adjusting the scan operation's sensitivity. To change the sensitivity, choose *WiFi Explorer* > *Settings* > *General*, then select the desired scan sensitivity level.
* To filter networks by channel number, type the channel number in the **Filter** field. You can also specify ranges, for example, the filter **2-5** shows all networks on channels 2, 3, 4, or 5.
* To filter networks by band, type the band (e.g., **2.4GHz**, **2.4ghz**, **24ghz**, **5ghz**, **6ghz**) in the **Filter** field.
* To filter networks by generation, use **wifi4**, **wifi5**, or **wifi6**.
* To filter networks by mode, type the letter or letters that identify the mode: **a**, **b**, **g**, **n**, **ac**, **ax**, or **be**. You can also prefix the letter(s) with 802.11, 80211 or just 11. For example, type **11b** to display only networks that support 802.11b, or **ax** to display only networks that support 802.11ax.
* To filter networks by security or encryption type, enter the acronym for the security or encryption type in the **Filter** field. For example, type **WPA2** to display only networks that are configured with WPA2.
* To filter networks by capability, enter the capability in the **Filter** field. The following capabilities are supported: Wi-Fi Protected Setup (use **wps**) and BSS Fast Transition (use **ft**). For example, type **wps** to display only networks that support WPS.
* To filter networks by hidden SSID, enter **hidden** in the **Filter** field.
***
## Filter networks using specific network attributes
You can also filter networks by specific attributes. These attributes map to available columns in *WiFi Explorer* and are identified with the prefix **dot11.net.**, as shown in the table below. For example, to show only networks with a US country code, use the filter **dot11.net.country\_code == US**.
Control-click a field in the *Networks Table* and choose **Apply as Filter** to filter by the selected network attribute or **New Filter** to create a new [custom filter](/wifiexplorer/filter-networks-using-custom-filters) based on it. Control-click and press Option to choose **Apply as Filter and Negate** or **New Filter and Negate** to negate the selected filter.
If you filter only by the attribute name, for example, **dot11.net.country\_code**, then only the networks that include this attribute are displayed.
| Attribute | Description |
| - | - |
| `dot11.net.annotations` | Annotations |
| `dot11.net.band` | Frequency band (2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz) |
| `dot11.net.basic_rates` | Supported basic rates (Mbps) |
| `dot11.net.beacon_interval` | Beacon interval (milliseconds) |
| `dot11.net.bssid` | BSSID |
| `dot11.net.center_freq` | Center frequency (MHz) |
| `dot11.net.channel` | Channel |
| `dot11.net.channel_util` | BSS Load channel utilization (%) |
| `dot11.net.channel_width` | Channel width (MHz) |
| `dot11.net.country_code` | Country code |
| `dot11.net.ap_name` | Access point name |
| `dot11.net.fast_transition` | Fast BSS transition |
| `dot11.net.generation` | Generation (4, 5, or 6) |
| `dot11.net.max_rate` | Maximum supported rate (Mbps) |
| `dot11.net.min_rate` | Minimum supported rate (Mbps) |
| `dot11.net.mode` | Network mode (a/b/g/n/ac/ax/be) |
| `dot11.net.noise` | Noise (dBm) |
| `dot11.net.protection_mode` | HT protection mode |
| `dot11.net.security` | Security mode |
| `dot11.net.signal` | Signal strength (dBm) |
| `dot11.net.snr` | Signal-to-noise ratio (dB) |
| `dot11.net.ssid` | Network name (SSID) |
| `dot11.net.stations` | BSS Load station count |
| `dot11.net.streams` | Number of spatial streams |
| `dot11.net.type` | Network type (Ad-Hoc, Mesh, or Infrastructure) |
| `dot11.net.vendor` | Vendor |
| `dot11.net.wps` | Wi-Fi Protected Setup status |
***
### Compare values
You can use the following operators to compare values when filtering using network attributes:
| Operator | Description | Value Type |
| - | - | - |
| == | Equal | Number, Text |
| != | Not equal | Number, Text |
| \~\~ | Contains | Text |
| !\~ | Does not contain | Text |
| > | Greater than | Number |
| >= | Greater or equal than | Number |
| `<` | Less than | Number |
| `<=` | Less or equal than | Number |
If the value you're comparing contains spaces, then you must use quotation marks. For example, **dot11.net.ssid == "Guest Network"**.
It is optional to include the units (MHz, GHz, dBm, etc.) when comparing numerical values. For example, the filter **dot11.net.snr > 15** is equivalent to **dot11.net.snr > "15 dB"**.
### Combine multiple filters
You can combine filters using "**OR**" or "**AND**." For example, if you want to filter networks so that only 2.4 GHz networks with a network name (SSID) starting with *School* are shown, use the filter **24ghz AND School**. If you want to display only networks on channels 1, 6, or 11, use the filter **1 OR 6 OR 11**.
You can use parenthesis to group filter expressions and change the order of evaluation of the **OR** and **AND** operators. For example, the filter **(2.4GHz AND 40MHz) OR (5GHz AND 160MHz)** will show 2.4 GHz networks using a 40 MHz channel width or 5 GHz networks using a 160 MHz channel width.
### Negate filters
You can negate a filter with "**NOT**." For example, to list all networks that do not have the word *School* as part of their names, enter **NOT School**.
## See also
* [Add and manage annotations](/wifiexplorer/add-and-manage-annotations)
* [Wi-Fi troubleshooting basics](/troubleshooting-basics)
# Filters
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorer/filters-settings
Filters settings in WiFi Explorer.
Use Filters settings to create and manage custom filters. To change these settings, choose *WiFi Explorer* > *Settings*, then click Filters.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Filters list | Shows the list of custom filters. To show or hide a filter, click the checkbox next to it. To create a new filter, click the **+** button. To import, export, or remove all filters, click the **More** button. |
## See also
* [Filter scan results](/wifiexplorer/filter-scan-results)
# Find wireless networks
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorer/find-wireless-networks
Find wireless networks in WiFi Explorer.
*WiFi Explorer* scans for wireless networks using the built-in Wi-Fi adapter. It uses a mechanism called *active scan*, where probe requests are periodically sent on each supported channel for the 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz frequency bands. When a nearby access point receives a probe request, it replies with a probe response. A probe response includes a set of information elements that describe the wireless network's capabilities and configuration.
Since macOS Mojave 10.14, Apple's CoreWLAN framework restricts access to network information, such as the network name (SSID) and BSSID, unless Location Services is authorized for *WiFi Explorer*. Without this permission, *WiFi Explorer* cannot scan for or display wireless networks. See [Enable Location Services](#enable-location-services) below.
The bands and channels visible in *WiFi Explorer* depend on the Mac's Wi-Fi hardware, the regulatory domain, and the scan source.
To manually start or stop a scan for wireless networks, click the **Start** or **Stop** buttons in the toolbar.
The scanning interval is automatically determined by how fast the Wi-Fi adapter can scan for wireless networks and cannot be changed.
The *Networks Table* lists the scan results and displays the capabilities and configuration of each network.
If the computer is connected to a wireless network when launching *WiFi Explorer*, the network will be automatically selected when the first scan results are shown.
The display units for signal strength and noise are *dBm* or *%*. To change the display units, go to *WiFi Explorer* > *Settings* > *General* and select the desired units to display the signal strength. The same units are used for displaying noise measurements.
***
## Enable Location Services
*WiFi Explorer* will never try to determine, save, or share your physical location. The Location Services permission is used exclusively to let *WiFi Explorer* access network information from macOS.
1. Go to *System Settings* > *Privacy & Security* > *Location Services*.
2. Turn on Location Services if it isn't already enabled.
3. Find *WiFi Explorer* in the list and select its checkbox.
*WiFi Explorer* only appears in the Location Services list after you've launched it at least once.
## See also
* [Filter scan results](/wifiexplorer/filter-scan-results)
* [Show or hide columns](/wifiexplorer/show-or-hide-columns)
* [Wi-Fi troubleshooting basics](/troubleshooting-basics)
# Frequently asked questions
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorer/frequently-asked-questions
Frequently asked questions about WiFi Explorer.
Since macOS Mojave 10.14, Apple's CoreWLAN framework restricts access to network information, such as the network name (SSID) and BSSID, unless Location Services is authorized. *WiFi Explorer* will never try to determine, save, or share your physical location; the permission is used exclusively to access this network information. See [Enable Location Services](/wifiexplorer/find-wireless-networks#enable-location-services) for instructions.
Yes. The network you are connected to is displayed in the table using a **bold** font. Also, *WiFi Explorer* shows detailed information about the connection in the toolbar.
Yes. *WiFi Explorer* can find and display information on hidden networks. A hidden network doesn't advertise its name, so when found, *WiFi Explorer* will show *Hidden Network* as the network's name.
No. *WiFi Explorer* is required to use Apple's official framework for Wi-Fi scanning, CoreWLAN, and this framework does not recognize external wireless adapters. Support for external Wi-Fi adapters may be added in the future, but at the moment, only the built-in Wi-Fi adapter is supported.
In the spectrum view, solid lines represent infrastructure or managed networks, while dashed lines represent ad-hoc networks, also known as computer-to-computer networks.
In the spectrum view, the shape represents the physical layer's spectral signature and modulation type supported by a wireless network. *WiFi Explorer* uses a "parabolic" shape to denote HR-DSSS BPSK (High-Rate Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum with Binary Phase-Shift Keying), that is, wireless networks with supported data rates up to 11 Mbps (e.g., 802.11b when operating at 1, 2, 5.5 and 11 Mbps data rates). The "trapezoidal" shape corresponds to a physical layer's spectral signature and modulation type that make possible wireless networks with supported data rates greater than 11 Mbps. You can learn more about modulation types [here](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulation).
*WiFi Explorer* only scans and displays the information of nearby wireless networks found within range of your Mac. It cannot detect or display information of client devices that are connected to your wireless network or any other wireless network nearby.
If you have any other question, please [contact us](https://www.intuitibits.com/contact).
# General
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorer/general-settings
General settings in WiFi Explorer.
Use General settings to configure the scan sensitivity, signal strength units, and more. To change these settings, choose *WiFi Explorer* > *Settings*, then click General.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Display signal strength as | Choose the units, *dBm* or *%*, to display signal strength and noise measurements. |
| Scan sensitivity | Adjust the scan sensitivity to hide networks with weaker signals. |
| Display 100% when signal strength is greater or equal to | Choose the *dBm* value that corresponds to 100% when displaying signal strength and noise measurements as %. |
| Display 0% when signal strength is smaller or equal to | Choose the *dBm* value that corresponds to 0% when displaying signal strength and noise measurements as %. |
| Delete networks if not seen after | Choose the time after which *WiFi Explorer* deletes networks no longer found. |
## See also
* [Filter scan results](/wifiexplorer/filter-scan-results)
# Hide empty graphs
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorer/hide-empty-graphs
Automatically hide empty spectrum graphs in WiFi Explorer.
*WiFi Explorer* can automatically hide the 2.4 or 5 GHz section of the *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz* graph if no networks are being displayed for that band.
## Turn on automatic hiding in Advanced settings
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer* > *Settings* > *Advanced*.
2. Select **Hide 2.4 or 5 GHz graphs if no networks are displayed**.
## See also
* [Change Advanced settings](/wifiexplorer/advanced-settings)
# Increase accessibility
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorer/increase-accessibility
Accessibility options available in WiFi Explorer.
*WiFi Explorer* provides additional options to increase the accessibility of the app:
* Ability to adjust the font size of the *Networks Table*, the sidebar, and the *Advanced Details* table. To increase or decrease the font size, choose **Make Text Bigger** or **Make Text Smaller** from the *View* menu.
* Ability to announce the name of the currently selected network and changes in its signal strength. To activate this option, select **Speak** from the *Edit* menu.
# Issues and recommendations
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorer/issues-and-recommendations
Issues and recommendations shown by WiFi Explorer for a selected network.
*WiFi Explorer* can show recommendations on resolving possible issues affecting a network based on the selected network's capabilities and configuration and current Wi-Fi environment conditions. These issues and recommendations are shown in the right sidebar for the selected network.
*WiFi Explorer* will try to identify and offer recommendations for the following possible issues:
| Issue | Description |
| - | - |
| 40 MHz Channel Width | Shown when the selected network uses a 40 MHz channel width in the 2.4 GHz band. |
| 2.4 GHz Only | Shown when the selected network is only operating in the 2.4 GHz band. |
| Hidden Network | Shown when the selected network is configured as a *hidden* network. |
| Large Group of Networks | Shown when the selected network is part of a large group of networks belonging to the same access point. |
| Legacy Equipment | Shown when the selected network's access point appears too old and lacks support for modern 802.11 technologies. |
| Low Signal Strength | Shown when the selected network has low signal strength. |
| Overlapping 2.4 GHz Channel | Shown when the selected network is using a 2.4 GHz channel other than 1, 6, or 11. |
| Separate Network Names | Shown when the selected network has separate SSIDs for the 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz bands. |
| Too Many Networks | Shown when too many networks are using the same channel as the selected network. |
| Weak Security | Shown when the selected network is open or when the selected network uses legacy or weak security modes. |
## See also
* [Wi-Fi troubleshooting basics](/troubleshooting-basics)
# Keyboard shortcuts
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorer/keyboard-shortcuts
Keyboard shortcuts available in WiFi Explorer.
Here are shortcuts you can use, in addition to those that appear in *WiFi Explorer* standard menus.
## Scan
| Action | Shortcut |
| - | - |
| Start or stop a scan | Control-S |
| Save the scan results | Shift-Command-S |
## View
| Action | Shortcut |
| - | - |
| Activate the filter field | Shift-Command-F |
| Show network labels in the *Signal Strength*, *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz*, and *Spectrum 6 GHz* views | Option-L. If not selected, network labels are only displayed for the selected network or when hovering the mouse cursor over the graph. |
| Size all columns to fit | Option-Command-= |
| Show or hide column separator lines | Command-L |
| Show or hide row separator lines | Command-K |
| Make text bigger | Command-Plus Sign (+) |
| Make text smaller | Command-Minus Sign (-) |
| Increase the *Network Details* or *Signal Strength* graph timescale | Shift-Command-. |
| Decrease the *Network Details* or *Signal Strength* graph timescale | Shift-Command-, |
| Select the *Network Details* view | Command-1 |
| Select the *Signal Strength* view | Command-2 |
| Select the *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz* view | Command-3 |
| Select the *Spectrum 6 GHz* view | Command-4 |
| Select the *Advanced Details* view | Command-5 |
| Select the previous view | Command-\[ |
| Select the next view | Command-] |
## Filter
| Action | Shortcut |
| - | - |
| Negate a sidebar (automatic) filter | Press the space bar to negate the selected sidebar (automatic) filter. The prefix **\~** identifies a negated filter, for example, *\~WPA2 (PSK)*. |
| Filter networks by signal strength | Control-*key* where *key* can be either 0-9 or Q, W, E, R, T, Y, U, I, O. The selected key represent the signal strength threshold. For example, 1 is -10 dBm (or 10%), 2 is -20 dBM (or 20%), and so on. The letters Q, W, E, etc. represent intermediate values, for example, Q is -15 dBm (or 15%), W is -25 (or 25%) dBm, and so on. Press Escape to clear the selected filter. |
# Save and export scan results
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorer/save-and-export-scan-results
Save and export wireless network scan results in WiFi Explorer.
You can save or export the scan results.
When you save scan results, *WiFi Explorer* saves information about every network it found, including historical data, to a file with the `.wifiexplorer` extension.
When you export the scan results, only the values from the *Networks Table* corresponding to the columns currently shown are saved to a CSV file. You can choose whether to export all the networks, only the networks displayed, or only the selected networks.
***
## Save the scan results
1. Choose File > Save As.
2. Enter a filename and click **Save**.
## Export the scan results
1. Choose File > Export All Networks, Export Displayed Networks, or Export Selected Networks.
2. Enter a filename and click **Export**.
***
## Save graphs as images
You can export the *Network Details*, *Signal Strength*, *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz*, and *Spectrum 6 GHz* graphs as images.
To save an image from a graph, Option-click the graph and drag it to the desktop, a document, or email.
# Set network color
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorer/set-network-color
Set a permanent color for a network in WiFi Explorer.
*WiFi Explorer* assigns a random color to each network, which is not necessarily the same every time you run the app. If you use *WiFi Explorer* to monitor or troubleshoot specific networks regularly (e.g., your home network), you can set a particular and permanent color for those networks, so it becomes easier to identify them, especially across sessions.
## Assign a permanent color
1. Select the network and switch to the *Network Details* view.
2. Click the colored square in the bottom-right corner of the *Network Details* view.
3. Choose a color from the palette. The color you select will be used for that network every time you run *WiFi Explorer*.
## See also
* [Add and manage annotations](/wifiexplorer/add-and-manage-annotations)
# Show or hide columns
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorer/show-or-hide-columns
Show or hide columns in the Networks Table in WiFi Explorer.
*WiFi Explorer* can show several capabilities and configuration parameters for each network. Some information is not displayed by default and can be shown by enabling additional columns.
To select what columns are displayed, Control-click in the header of the *Networks Table* and then check or uncheck the name of the column you want to show or hide.
A list of the available columns and the description for each of them is shown below:
| Column | Description |
| - | - |
| Annotations | An editable column for custom labels or comments, e.g. "AP, 2nd floor". |
| AP Name | The access point name as advertised in 802.11 beacon and probe response frames using vendor-specific elements. Supports AP name elements from Alcatel-Lucent, Alta, Arista, Aruba, Belden, Cisco, Extreme Networks/Zebra/Nokia, Fortinet, Huawei, Meter, MikroTik/Routerboard, Mist, Ruckus, Telecom Infra Project, and Ubiquiti. |
| Band | The frequency band of the wireless network: 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz. |
| Basic Rates | Indicates the set of data rates a client station must support to successfully connect to the access point. |
| Beacon Interval | Indicates the frequency interval for beacons. |
| BSSID | The MAC address of the wireless router or access point. |
| Center Frequency | The center radio frequency of the primary channel in MHz. |
| Channel | The primary channel of the wireless network. |
| Channel Utilization | Percentage of time the AP sensed the medium (channel) as busy (QBSS-enabled access points only). |
| Channel Width | The channel width, 20, 40, 80, 160, or 320 MHz. |
| Country Code | The regulatory domain country code information. |
| Fast Transition | The current 802.11r (Fast BSS Transition) method for fast roaming (if supported). |
| First Seen | Indicates the absolute time at which the network was first found. |
| Generation | Indicates the generational name of the Wi-Fi technology supported by the network. You can learn more about generational names [here](https://www.wi-fi.org/news-events/newsroom/wi-fi-alliance-introduces-wi-fi-6). |
| Last Seen | Indicates the absolute time at which the network was last found. |
| Max Rate | The maximum supported data rate in Mbps. |
| Min Rate | The minimum supported data rate in Mbps. |
| Mode | The mode (or modes) supported by the access point. It can be either a, b, g, n, ac, ax, be, or a combination of them if multiple modes are supported. |
| Network Name | The name of the network or SSID (Service Set Identifier). |
| Noise | The current background noise level as dBm or %. |
| Protection Mode | The active protection mechanism for 802.11n High Throughput (HT) enabled networks. |
| Security | The security mode of the wireless network or blank if the network is open. |
| Seen | Indicates the relative time at which the network was last found. |
| Signal | The current received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of the wireless network as dBm or %. |
| SNR | The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the wireless network as dB. *The greater the SNR, the better the signal quality of the wireless network*. |
| Stations | Number of clients currently associated to the access point radio (QBSS-enabled access points only). |
| Streams | The number of spatial streams supported. |
| Type | Indicates if the wireless network is configured in infrastructure (managed) or ad-hoc mode. |
| Vendor | The name of the manufacturer of the router or access point, if available. The manufacturer information is derived from the first three octets (XX:XX:XX) of the BSSID, which constitute the Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI), also known as Company ID. Visit the [IEEE Registration Authority Website](http://standards.ieee.org/develop/regauth/oui/index.html) for more information. |
| WPS | Indicates if the wireless network supports Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) and the state of the setup: Configured, Not Configured, or Locked. |
# Update the vendor database
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorer/update-the-vendors-database
Keep the vendor database up to date in WiFi Explorer.
The vendor database resolves an access point manufacturer's name from the Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI) portion of the BSSID, also known as the Company ID. New registrations are added to the vendor database as manufacturers create and distribute new products.
When you open *WiFi Explorer*, the app checks for vendor database updates once a day. If an update is available, *WiFi Explorer* asks for permission to download it, unless **Automatically download and update database** is selected, in which case it updates the database without asking.
## Disable automatic check for database updates
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer* > *Settings* > *Advanced*.
2. Clear **Automatically check for updates**.
## Manually check for database updates
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer* > *Settings* > *Advanced*.
2. Click **Check Now**.
## See also
* [Change Advanced settings](/wifiexplorer/advanced-settings)
# About WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/about
Overview, key features, and system requirements for WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
*WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* is a Wi-Fi scanner and analyzer built to assist WLAN and IT professionals in the design, validation, and troubleshooting of wireless networks. It offers an expert overview of the Wi-Fi landscape to quickly assess and find common problems affecting the performance or connectivity of home, small office, and enterprise networks.
With *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* you can filter scan results to better visualize and troubleshoot networks in any environment.
## Key features
* Works with the built-in Wi-Fi adapter or a supported external USB Wi-Fi adapter
* Custom profiles for different troubleshooting scenarios
* Custom filters for specific troubleshooting tasks
* Remote scanning using a supported sensor
* Import and visualize capture files
The bands and channels visible in *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* depend on the Wi-Fi adapter's capabilities, the regulatory domain, and the scan source.
## System requirements
* Windows 10 or later
* Built-in Wi-Fi adapter, or a supported external USB Wi-Fi adapter (external sensors also optional)
## Release notes
For a list of changes in each version, see the [WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows release notes](https://www.intuitibits.com/release-notes/wifiexplorerpro-windows/).
## See also
* [Glossary](/glossary)
# Add and manage annotations
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/add-and-manage-annotations
Add and manage network annotations in WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
Annotations are custom labels you can assign to particular networks. They can be used, for example, to indicate the location of an access point (e.g., "2nd floor") or to help identify or monitor several networks with the same network name (SSID).
Annotations will be shown in the *Signal Strength*, *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz*, and *Spectrum 6 GHz* graphs only when the *Annotations* column is being displayed.
If the *Annotations* column is not displayed, right-click the *Networks Table* header and select the *Annotations* column. For a different profile, go to *File* > *Settings* > *Profiles*, select the desired profile, and then select **Show** for the *Annotations* column.
***
## Add annotations
There are two ways you can annotate a network. You can annotate a network by going to *File* > *Settings* > *Annotations* and clicking the **+** button to add a new annotation for a given BSSID.
The BSSID field value may include **?** or **\*** to match multiple networks to the same annotation. **?** will match exactly one character, while **\*** will match zero or more characters. For example, an annotation with BSSID `11:22:33:44:55:*` will be displayed for networks with BSSIDs `11:22:33:44:55:66` and `11:22:33:44:55:77`.
You can also add annotations directly on the *Networks Table* by double-clicking the *Annotations* column's cell of the network you want to annotate. The BSSID mapped to the annotation will correspond to the BSSID of the selected network.
***
## Manage annotations
To manage annotations, go to *File* > *Settings* > *Annotations*. You can add, edit, or delete existing annotations. You can also edit existing annotations directly on the *Networks Table* by double-clicking the *Annotations* column's cell of the corresponding network.
You can import or export annotations by clicking the **More** button and choosing **Import** or **Export**. You can also remove all existing annotations by choosing **Remove All**.
# Advanced
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/advanced-settings
Advanced settings in WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
Use Advanced settings to adjust the visualization of various items and configure vendor database updates. To change these settings, choose *File* > *Settings*, then click Advanced.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Display access point name | Show the access point name under the network label in the *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*'s *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz* and *Spectrum 6 GHz* views. |
| Display annotations | Show annotations under the network label in the *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*'s *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz* and *Spectrum 6 GHz* views. |
| Hide 2.4 or 5 GHz graphs if no networks are displayed | Hide empty graphs for a particular frequency band in the *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*'s *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz* view automatically. |
| Automatically check for updates | Check for vendor database updates automatically. |
| Automatically download and update database | Choose to download and update the vendor database automatically. |
| Check Now | Click to check for vendor database updates manually. |
## See also
* [Hide empty graphs](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/hide-empty-graphs)
* [Update the vendor database](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/update-the-vendors-database)
# Annotations
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/annotations-settings
Annotations settings in WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
Use Annotations settings to create and manage annotations. To change these settings, choose *File* > *Settings*, then click Annotations.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Annotations list | Shows the list of annotations. To create a new annotation, click the **+** button. To import, export, or remove all annotations, click the **More** button. |
The BSSID for an annotation can include `*` or `?` as wildcards, for example, `88:1F:A1:31:*` or `88:1F:A1:31:E6:?E`.
## See also
* [Add and manage annotations](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/add-and-manage-annotations)
# Connect to a sensor
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/connect-to-a-sensor
Connect WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows to a Linux- or Android-based sensor to scan for wireless networks remotely.
A sensor is a remote device that scans for wireless networks on *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*'s behalf and sends the results back for analysis. Sensors are useful when you can't be physically present at a location, such as a remote site or a different floor of a building, or when you need scanning capabilities your computer's Wi-Fi adapter doesn't have, such as 6 GHz support. *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* can connect to Linux- or Android-based sensors.
## Linux-based sensors
A sensor can be any Linux device with one or more compatible Wi-Fi adapters configured to allow *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* SSH access to scan for wireless networks using the desired Wi-Fi interface. A sensor can use active or passive scan mode.
In active scan mode, the sensor uses a helper utility that scans for Wi-Fi networks using the 802.11 netlink API. In passive scan mode, the sensor puts the Wi-Fi interface in *monitor mode* and listens for beacons. Most modern Wi-Fi adapters support the 802.11 netlink API, so if an adapter doesn't support *monitor mode*, you may still be able to use it to scan for Wi-Fi networks in active scan mode.
By default, a sensor is configured to use **Auto** in *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*. In auto mode, active scan mode is preferred when available; otherwise, passive scan mode is used.
The [WLAN Pi](http://www.wlanpi.com) comes pre-configured as a *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* sensor.
### Install the required utilities
For a Linux device to work as a sensor, the following utilities must be installed:
| Utility | Required for |
| - | - |
| `ip` (iproute2) | Active and passive scan modes |
| `iw` | Active and passive scan modes |
| `tcpdump` | Passive scan mode |
| [`scandump`](https://github.com/intuitibits/scandump) | Active scan mode |
### Configure passwordless sudo
*WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* runs the utilities listed above over SSH with `sudo`, so the SSH user you use to connect to the sensor must be able to run them **without being prompted for a password**. You can grant that permission to only those utilities by adding a file to the `/etc/sudoers.d/` directory on the sensor:
1. Find the absolute path of each utility you need. Paths vary between Linux distributions, so check them on the sensor itself rather than assuming the ones used in the examples below:
```bash theme={null}
command -v ip iw tcpdump scandump
```
2. Create the sudoers file, called `wlandump` in this example, using `visudo`, which checks the syntax before saving:
```bash theme={null}
sudo visudo -f /etc/sudoers.d/wlandump
```
3. Add a single line listing the utilities required by the scan mode you plan to use, using the paths you found in step 1. For active scan mode:
```text theme={null}
%sudo ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /sbin/iw, /bin/ip, /usr/bin/scandump
```
For passive scan mode:
```text theme={null}
%sudo ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /sbin/iw, /bin/ip, /usr/bin/tcpdump
```
To allow either scan mode, list all of the utilities:
```text theme={null}
%sudo ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /sbin/iw, /bin/ip, /usr/bin/tcpdump, /usr/bin/scandump
```
The paths above are examples. `sudo` matches each rule against the exact path of the command it runs, so if a utility is installed elsewhere on your sensor, replace the example path with the one you found in step 1.
4. Save the file and exit the editor, then make the file read-only:
```bash theme={null}
sudo chmod -w /etc/sudoers.d/wlandump
```
5. Verify the configuration by logging in to the sensor as the SSH user and running a utility with `sudo -n`, which fails instead of prompting for a password:
```bash theme={null}
sudo -n iw dev
```
If the command lists the wireless interfaces, the SSH user can run the utilities without entering a password. If it returns "sudo: a password is required", check the paths you entered in step 3 and the group membership described below.
The example lines grant passwordless `sudo` to every member of the `sudo` group (`%sudo`). If the SSH user doesn't belong to that group, replace `%sudo` with the username, as in `wlanpi ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /sbin/iw, /bin/ip, /usr/bin/scandump`.
A syntax error in a file under `/etc/sudoers.d/` can prevent `sudo` from working on the sensor. Edit these files with `visudo`, which refuses to save a file that contains invalid syntax.
## Android-based sensors
You can also use an Android device as an active-scan sensor when using [WiFi Sensor](https://www.intuitibits.com/products/wifisensor/) for Android or [analiti](https://www.analiti.com)'s real-time stream function. Android-based sensors support active scanning only. To use [WiFi Sensor](https://www.intuitibits.com/products/wifisensor/) or [analiti](https://www.analiti.com) with a compatible Android device as a sensor, follow the instructions below to add your Android device as a sensor and use port 19000.
***
## Add a sensor
1. Go to *File* > *Settings* > *Sensors* and click the **+** button.
2. Enter the hostname or IP address of the sensor.
3. Double-click the **Name** field to give the sensor a custom name.
4. To specify a wireless interface for scanning, double-click the **Interface Name** field and enter its name. Otherwise, *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* automatically chooses the first remote wireless interface. This field is ignored for Android-based sensors.
5. If the Linux-based sensor uses a port other than TCP port 22 for SSH access, double-click the **Port** field and enter the correct port number. For Android-based sensors, enter port 19000.
Because *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* uses a Linux-based sensor's Wi-Fi adapter to perform the scan, *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* must connect to the sensor via Ethernet or a secondary Wi-Fi adapter.
***
## Connect to a sensor
1. Click on the *Scan Mode* menu in the *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*'s toolbar.
2. Select the sensor.
3. Enter a valid username and password to connect to the sensor if prompted.
For Linux-based sensors, the connection between *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* and the sensor is made securely via SSH. The first time you use the sensor, you will be prompted to authenticate with a valid username and password. You can choose to have *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* remember the credentials, so you don't have to enter them every time you do a scan using the sensor. *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* will store the credentials securely in Windows Credential Manager.
If the sensor is behind a firewall, you must open TCP port 22 (SSH), or the port the sensor is using for SSH access, to allow for *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* to communicate with the sensor.
***
## Manage sensors
To manage the sensors, go to *File* > *Settings* > *Sensors*. You can add, edit or delete existing sensors, and change the order of the sensors by dragging the entries in the list.
You can also import or export sensors by clicking the **More** button and choosing **Import** or **Export**.
***
## Troubleshoot sensors
If you're experiencing issues connecting to or using a sensor, *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* includes a built-in diagnostics tool to help identify potential problems.
To run diagnostics, open *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*, go to *Settings* > *Sensors*, select the sensor from the list, click the **More** button, and choose **Run Diagnostics**.
Sensor diagnostics are available exclusively for Linux-based sensors.
## See also
* [Find networks using a Wi-Fi adapter](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/find-networks-using-a-wifi-adapter)
* [Sensors](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/sensors-settings)
# Copy column values
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/copy-column-values
Copy column values from the Networks Table in WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
You can copy the value of a column for the selected network. You can also copy all the columns' values.
When you choose to copy all the columns' values, *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* copies the values in CSV format.
## Copy a single column or all columns
1. Select the desired network.
2. To copy the value of a specific column, right-click the corresponding field in the *Networks Table* and choose **Copy Field**.
3. To copy the values of all columns, right-click any field and choose **Copy All Fields** or **Copy All Fields and Names**.
# Copy information element fields
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/copy-information-element-fields
Copy information element fields from the Advanced Details view in WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
You can copy information element fields for the selected network in the *Networks Table*.
## Copy a single element or all elements
1. Select the desired network and switch to the *Advanced Details* view.
2. Right-click the information element name, then choose **Copy Element** or **Copy All Elements**.
# Create and manage profiles
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/create-and-manage-profiles
Create and manage column profiles in WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
*WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* can show several capabilities and configuration parameters for each network. Some information is not displayed by default and can be shown by enabling or creating additional columns. Because not all troubleshooting tasks require the same information visibility, you can use profiles to create and display different sets of columns suitable for specific troubleshooting tasks and scenarios, and quickly switch between column arrangements as needed.
For example, if you are often troubleshooting Hotspot 2.0 networks, you may create a profile that includes columns to display information specific to Hotspot 2.0 networks, such as *HESSID*, *Vendor Type*, etc. If you are then tasked to work with mesh networks, you can create a mesh network profile and switch between profiles accordingly. By using profiles, you can display only the information you need for the task at hand.
Built-in columns, such as BSSID, network name, signal strength, etc. are part of every profile but you can choose whether to display them or not. You can also create other columns from fields found in the information elements advertised in beacon and probe responses, choosing from more than 650 available fields.
***
## Create profiles
You can create custom profiles and assign different columns to it. You can also show or hide columns in a profile, add new columns, and change the column order.
*WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* includes a default profile. This profile cannot be deleted or renamed.
### Create a profile
1. Go to *File* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Click the **+** button under the profile list to create a new profile.
3. Customize the columns in the new profile.
***
## Manage profiles
You can switch between profiles. You can also rename, duplicate, reset, import or export a profile.
### Switch between profiles
1. Go to *File* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Select a profile under **Active Profile**.
You can also switch between profiles by selecting a different profile from the *profile chooser* shown in the main window of *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*.
If the *profile chooser* is not shown, go to *File* > *Settings* > *Profiles* and select **Show profile chooser in toolbar**.
### Rename a profile
1. Go to *File* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Double-click the profile, type a new profile name, and press **Enter**.
### Duplicate a profile
1. Go to *File* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Select the profile you want to duplicate.
3. Click the **More** button under the profile list, then choose **Duplicate Profile**.
### Reset a profile
1. Go to *File* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Select the profile you want to reset.
3. Click the **More** button under the profile list, then choose **Reset Profile**.
Resetting a profile removes all previously added columns and resets the **Show** status of the profile's built-in columns. This cannot be undone.
### Import or export a profile
#### To import a profile:
1. Go to *File* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Click the **More** button under the profile list, then choose **Import**.
3. Select the profile you want to import and click **Import**.
You can also import a profile by dragging the file into the profile list in *File* > *Settings* > *Profiles*.
#### To export a profile:
1. Go to *File* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Select the profile you want to export.
3. Click the **More** button under the profile list, then choose **Export**.
***
## Customize profiles
You can customize what columns are displayed for each profile. You can also add, pin, rename, or reorder columns.
### Add a column
1. Go to *File* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Select the desired profile.
3. Click the **+** button found under the list of columns and choose the field you want to display as a column.
The name of the information element field used to create the column is shown in the **Field** column.
You can also create a column by right-clicking the information element field in *Advanced Details* and choosing **Apply as Column** from the context menu. You can also drag the field and drop it over the *Networks Table*'s header to create a column.
Some information element fields cannot be displayed as columns. If the field cannot be displayed as a column, the **Apply as Column** option will not be available, and you cannot drag and drop the field either.
### Show or hide columns
1. Go to *File* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Select the profile, then click the **Show** field for the column you want to show or hide.
You can also show or hide columns in the active profile by right-clicking the *Networks Table*'s header and then checking or unchecking the name of the column you want to show or hide.
### Pin or unpin a column
Column pinning allows you to fix a column to the left edge of the *Networks Table* so that the column remains visible when scrolling the table horizontally.
1. Go to *File* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Select the profile, then click the **Pin** field for the column you want to pin or unpin.
You can also pin or unpin a column in the active profile by right-clicking the column's title in the *Networks Table* and choosing **Pin Column** or **Unpin Column**.
### Rename a column
1. Go to *File* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Select the desired profile.
3. Double-click the column, type a new column name, and press **Enter**.
You can also rename a column in the active profile by double-clicking the column's title in the *Networks Table* and then entering a new column name, or by right-clicking the column's title to choose **Rename Column**.
### Reorder columns
1. Go to *File* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Select the desired profile.
3. Select the column and drag it within the list, then drop it into the new position.
You can also reorder a column in the active profile by dragging the column's title in the *Networks Table* and dropping it into the new position.
### Size a column to fit
Right-click a column's title in the *Networks Table* and choose **Size Column to Fit** to automatically adjust the column's width to fit its content.
To size all columns to fit their content at once, use the *Size All Columns to Fit* keyboard shortcut. See [Keyboard shortcuts](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/keyboard-shortcuts) for details.
***
## Built-in columns
The following table lists the built-in columns, their descriptions, and their support in active and passive scan modes:
| Column | Description | Active scan mode | Passive scan mode |
| - | - | :-: | :-: |
| Amendments | Indicates the amendments to the 802.11 standard supported by the access point. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Annotations | An editable column for custom labels or comments, e.g. "AP, 2nd floor". | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| AP Name | The access point name as advertised in 802.11 beacon and probe response frames using vendor-specific elements. Supports AP name elements from Alcatel-Lucent, Alta, Arista, Aruba, Belden, Cisco, Extreme Networks/Zebra/Nokia, Fortinet, Huawei, Meter, MikroTik/Routerboard, Mist, Ruckus, Telecom Infra Project, and Ubiquiti. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Band | The frequency band of the wireless network, 2.4, 5 or 6 GHz. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Basic Rates | Indicates the set of data rates a client station must support to successfully connect to the access point. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Beacon Airtime | Indicates the time that it takes to transmit a beacon. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Beacon Interval | Indicates the frequency interval for beacons. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Beacon Mode | Indicates how the access point advertises the BSSID, which can be "Transmitted" or "Nontransmitted." A transmitted BSSID is advertised using a beacon or probe response. A nontransmitted BSSID is advertised as part of the Multiple BSSID information element in a beacon or probe response. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Beacon Rate | Indicates the data rate in Mbps at which beacon frames are transmitted. | | ✔︎ |
| BSSID | The MAC address of the wireless router or access point. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Center Frequency | The center radio frequency of the primary channel in MHz. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Channel | The primary channel of the wireless network. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Channel Utilization | Percentage of time the AP sensed the medium (channel) as busy (QBSS-enabled access points only). | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Channel Width | The channel width, 20, 40, 80, 160, or 320 MHz. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Country Code | The regulatory domain country code information. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Fast Transition | The current 802.11r (Fast BSS Transition) method for fast roaming (if supported). | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Generation | Indicates the generational name of the Wi-Fi technology supported by the network. You can learn more about generational names [here](https://www.wi-fi.org/news-events/newsroom/wi-fi-alliance-introduces-wi-fi-6). | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| IE Count | Indicates the number of information elements found in the beacon or probe response frame. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| IE Total Length | Indicates the total number of bytes for all information elements found in the beacon or probe response frame. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Max Basic Rate | The maximum supported basic data rate in Mbps. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Max Rate | The maximum supported data rate in Mbps. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Min Basic Rate | The minimum supported basic data rate in Mbps. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Min Rate | The minimum supported data rate in Mbps. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Mode | The mode (or modes) supported by the access point. It can be either a, b, g, n, ac, ax, be, or a combination of them if multiple modes are supported. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Network Name | The name of the network or SSID (Service Set Identifier). | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Security | The security mode of the wireless network or blank if the network is open. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Seen | Indicates the relative time at which the network was last found. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Signal | The current received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of the wireless network as dBm or %. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Stations | Number of clients currently associated to the access point radio (QBSS-enabled access points only). | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Streams | The number of spatial streams supported. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Type | Indicates if the wireless network is configured in infrastructure (managed) or ad-hoc mode. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Uptime | The uptime of the network as estimated from its beacon's timestamp. | | ✔︎ |
| Vendor | The name of the manufacturer of the router or access point, if available. The manufacturer information is derived from the first three octets (XX:XX:XX) of the BSSID, which constitute the Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI), also known as Company ID. Visit the [IEEE Registration Authority Website](http://standards.ieee.org/develop/regauth/oui/index.html) for more information. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Wide Channel | The center channel for the entire channel width. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
# Filter networks using custom filters
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/filter-networks-using-custom-filters
Create and use custom filters in WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
You can use pre-defined filter controls to quickly display 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz networks, as well as secure or open networks only. To display only 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, 6 GHz, secure, or open networks select the pre-defined filter from the *Quick Filter* bar.
To clear any filters and show all networks, select All from the Quick Filter bar.
## Add a custom filter in Settings
1. Go to *File* > *Settings* and click *Filters*.
2. Click on the **+** button to add a new filter.
3. Type a name for the new filter and press **Enter**.
4. Double-click the **Filter** field to enter a new [filter expression](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/filter-scan-results).
You can change the filter control position in the *Quick Filter* bar by going to *File* > *Settings* > *Filters* and reordering the entries in the table. To reorder the entries in the table, drag the row, then drop it into the new position.
## See also
* [Filter scan results](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/filter-scan-results)
# Filter scan results
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/filter-scan-results
Filter wireless network scan results in WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
In *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*, you can quickly filter scan results to help diagnose or troubleshoot specific wireless networks or environments.
There are many ways to filter scan results in *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*, including filtering by keywords, specific network attributes, or information element fields. *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* also offers [pre-defined and custom filters](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/filter-networks-using-custom-filters).
***
## Filter networks using keywords
You can filter networks by name (SSID), BSSID, channel, signal strength (RSSI), annotations, mode, vendor, access point name, band, country code, security, encryption type, or whether certain capabilities are supported using the **Filter** field.
* To filter networks by name (SSID), annotations, vendor, or access point name, type the text in the **Filter** field. If you need to filter using an exact match, use quotation marks for the keywords, e.g., **"ABC School."**
* To filter networks by BSSID, type either :XX or XX: where XX is an octet of the BSSID. You can also extend the text with more octets (e.g. XX:XX, XX:XX:XX) to search for more specific BSSIDs.
* To filter networks by signal strength (RSSI), type a comparison operator (`<`, `>`, `<=`, or `>=`) and the signal strength level in the **Filter** field. For example, to display only networks with a signal strength greater than or equal to -65 dBm, type **>=-65**. To use signal strength as a percentage, type **>=50%**.
* To filter networks by channel number, type the channel number in the **Filter** field. You can also specify ranges, for example, the filter **2-5** shows all networks on channels 2, 3, 4, or 5.
* To filter networks by band, type the band (e.g., **2.4GHz**, **2.4ghz**, **24ghz**, **5ghz**, **6ghz**) in the **Filter** field.
* To filter networks by generation, use **wifi4**, **wifi5**, or **wifi6**.
* To filter networks by mode, type the letter or letters that identify the mode: **a**, **b**, **g**, **n**, **ac**, **ax**, or **be**. You can also prefix the letter(s) with 802.11, 80211 or just 11. For example, type **11b** to display only networks that support 802.11b, or **ax** to display only networks that support 802.11ax.
* To filter networks by security or encryption type, enter the acronym for the security or encryption type in the **Filter** field. For example, type **WPA2** to display only networks that are configured with WPA2.
* To filter networks by capability, enter the capability in the **Filter** field. The following capabilities are supported: Wi-Fi Protected Setup (use **wps**), BSS Fast Transition (use **ft**), Hotspot 2.0 (use **hs**), and Dynamic Transmit Power Control (use **dtpc**). For example, type **wps** to display only networks that support WPS.
* To filter networks by hidden SSID, enter **hidden** in the **Filter** field.
***
## Filter networks using specific network attributes
You can also filter networks by specific attributes. These attributes map to available columns in *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* and are identified with the prefix **dot11.net.**, as shown in the table below. For example, to show only networks with a minimum basic rate of 11 Mbps or higher, use the filter **dot11.net.min\_basic\_rate >= 11**.
Right-click a field in the *Networks Table* and choose **Apply as Filter** to filter by the selected network attribute, or **Apply as Filter and Negate** to filter by everything that doesn't match it.
If you filter only by the attribute name, for example, **dot11.net.country\_code**, then only the networks that include this attribute are displayed.
| Attribute | Description |
| - | - |
| `dot11.net.amendments` | Supported network amendments (d/e/h/i/k/p/r/s/u/v/w) |
| `dot11.net.annotations` | Annotations |
| `dot11.net.band` | Frequency band (2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz) |
| `dot11.net.basic_rates` | Supported basic rates (Mbps) |
| `dot11.net.beacon_airtime` | Beacon airtime (milliseconds) |
| `dot11.net.beacon_interval` | Beacon interval (milliseconds) |
| `dot11.net.beacon_mode` | Mode used to advertise the BSSID (Transmitted or Nontransmitted) |
| `dot11.net.beacon_rate` | Rate at which beacon frames are transmitted (Mbps) |
| `dot11.net.bssid` | BSSID |
| `dot11.net.center_freq` | Center frequency (MHz) |
| `dot11.net.channel` | Channel |
| `dot11.net.channel_util` | BSS Load channel utilization (%) |
| `dot11.net.channel_width` | Channel width (MHz) |
| `dot11.net.country_code` | Country code |
| `dot11.net.ap_name` | Access point name |
| `dot11.net.fast_transition` | Fast BSS transition |
| `dot11.net.generation` | Generation (4, 5, or 6) |
| `dot11.net.ie_count` | Number of information elements in beacon or probe response frames |
| `dot11.net.ie_total_length` | Total length of information elements (bytes) |
| `dot11.net.max_basic_rate` | Maximum supported basic rate (Mbps) |
| `dot11.net.max_rate` | Maximum supported rate (Mbps) |
| `dot11.net.min_basic_rate` | Minimum supported basic rate (Mbps) |
| `dot11.net.min_rate` | Minimum supported rate (Mbps) |
| `dot11.net.mode` | Network mode (a/b/g/n/ac/ax/be) |
| `dot11.net.security` | Security mode |
| `dot11.net.signal` | Signal strength (dBm) |
| `dot11.net.ssid` | Network name (SSID) |
| `dot11.net.stations` | BSS Load station count |
| `dot11.net.streams` | Number of spatial streams |
| `dot11.net.type` | Network type (Ad-Hoc, Mesh, or Infrastructure) |
| `dot11.net.vendor` | Vendor |
| `dot11.net.wide_channel` | Wide channel |
***
## Filter networks using information element fields
Besides network attributes, you can also filter networks by specific information element fields. The prefix **dot11.** identifies information element fields (except for **dot11.net**, which identifies network attributes).
There are more than 650 information element fields you can use to filter networks in *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*. The auto-complete function of the **Filter** field will help you navigate the list and find the specific information element field you need.
Select a network and right-click a field in the *Advanced Details* view, then choose **Apply as Filter** to filter by the selected information element field, or **Apply as Filter and Negate** to filter by everything that doesn't match it.
***
### Compare values
You can use the following operators to compare values when filtering using network attributes or information element fields:
| Operator | Description | Value Type |
| - | - | - |
| == | Equal | Number, Text |
| != | Not equal | Number, Text |
| \~\~ | Contains | Text |
| !\~ | Does not contain | Text |
| > | Greater than | Number |
| >= | Greater or equal than | Number |
| `<` | Less than | Number |
| `<=` | Less or equal than | Number |
If the value you're comparing contains spaces, then you must use quotation marks. For example, **dot11.net.ssid == "Guest Network"**.
It is optional to include the units (MHz, GHz, dBm, etc.) when comparing numerical values. For example, the filter **dot11.net.signal > -65** is equivalent to **dot11.net.signal > "-65 dBm"**.
### Combine multiple filters
You can combine filters using "**OR**" or "**AND**." For example, if you want to filter networks so that only 2.4 GHz networks with a network name (SSID) starting with *School* are shown, use the filter **24ghz AND School**. If you want to display only networks on channels 1, 6, or 11, use the filter **1 OR 6 OR 11**.
You can use parenthesis to group filter expressions and change the order of evaluation of the **OR** and **AND** operators. For example, the filter **(2.4GHz AND 40MHz) OR (5GHz AND 160MHz)** will show 2.4 GHz networks using a 40 MHz channel width or 5 GHz networks using a 160 MHz channel width.
### Negate filters
You can negate a filter with "**NOT**." For example, to list all networks that do not have the word *School* as part of their names, enter **NOT School**.
## See also
* [Add and manage annotations](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/add-and-manage-annotations)
# Filters
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/filters-settings
Filters settings in WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
Use Filters settings to create and manage custom filters. To change these settings, choose *File* > *Settings*, then click Filters.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Filters list | Shows the list of custom filters. To show or hide a filter, click the checkbox next to it. To create a new filter, click the **+** button. To import, export, or remove all filters, click the **More** button. |
## See also
* [Filter scan results](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/filter-scan-results)
# Find networks using a Wi-Fi adapter
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/find-networks-using-a-wifi-adapter
Scan for wireless networks using the built-in or a USB Wi-Fi adapter in WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
You can scan for Wi-Fi networks using the built-in Wi-Fi adapter or a supported external USB Wi-Fi adapter. *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* sends probe requests on each supported channel for the 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz bands and listens for the probe responses sent back by nearby access points. A probe response includes a set of information elements that describe the wireless network's capabilities and configuration. You can scan while connected to a Wi-Fi network.
Windows requires location access to scan for nearby Wi-Fi networks. Without this permission, *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* cannot scan for or display wireless networks. See [Enable location access](#enable-location-access) below.
The bands and channels visible in *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* depend on the Wi-Fi adapter's capabilities, the regulatory domain, and the scan source.
The scanning interval is automatically determined by how fast the Wi-Fi adapter can scan for wireless networks and cannot be changed.
***
## Start a scan
1. Click on the *Scan Mode* menu in *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*'s toolbar.
2. Select the built-in or USB Wi-Fi adapter you want to scan with.
***
## Enable location access
*WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* will never try to determine, save, or share your physical location. The location permission is used exclusively to let *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* access network information from Windows.
1. Go to *Windows Settings* > *Privacy & security* > *Location*.
2. Turn on **Location services** if it isn't already enabled.
3. Find *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* in the list of apps and turn its access on.
## See also
* [Filter scan results](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/filter-scan-results)
* [Create and manage profiles](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/create-and-manage-profiles)
# Frequently asked questions
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/frequently-asked-questions
Frequently asked questions about WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
Windows requires location access before an app can scan for nearby Wi-Fi networks. *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* will never try to determine, save, or share your physical location; the permission is used exclusively to access network information. See [Enable location access](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/find-networks-using-a-wifi-adapter#enable-location-access) for instructions.
Yes. The network you are connected to is displayed in the table using a **bold** font. If you're connected via Multi-Link Operation (MLO), each of the connection's affiliated links is shown in bold, since they appear as separate networks in the scan results. Also, *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* shows detailed information about the connection in the toolbar, including an **MLO** indicator when applicable.
Yes. *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* can find and display information on hidden networks. A hidden network doesn't advertise its name, so when found, *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* will show *Hidden Network* as the network's name.
Yes. In addition to the built-in Wi-Fi adapter, *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* works with supported external USB Wi-Fi adapters.
In the spectrum view, solid lines represent infrastructure or managed networks, while dashed lines represent ad-hoc networks, also known as computer-to-computer networks.
In the spectrum view, the shape represents the physical layer's spectral signature and modulation type supported by a wireless network. *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* uses a "parabolic" shape to denote HR-DSSS BPSK (High-Rate Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum with Binary Phase-Shift Keying), that is, wireless networks with supported data rates up to 11 Mbps (e.g., 802.11b when operating at 1, 2, 5.5 and 11 Mbps data rates). The "trapezoidal" shape corresponds to a physical layer's spectral signature and modulation type that make possible wireless networks with supported data rates greater than 11 Mbps. You can learn more about modulation types [here](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulation).
If you have any other question, please [contact us](https://www.intuitibits.com/contact).
## See also
* [Connect to a sensor](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/connect-to-a-sensor)
# General
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/general-settings
General settings in WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
Use General settings to configure signal strength units, appearance, and more. To change these settings, choose *File* > *Settings*, then click General.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Display signal strength as | Choose the units, *dBm* or *%*, to display signal strength measurements. |
| Display 100% when signal strength is greater or equal to | Choose the *dBm* value that corresponds to 100% when displaying signal strength as %. |
| Display 0% when signal strength is smaller or equal to | Choose the *dBm* value that corresponds to 0% when displaying signal strength as %. |
| Delete networks if not seen after | Choose the time after which *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* deletes networks no longer found. |
| Appearance | Click the pop-up menu, then choose *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*'s appearance: *System*, *Light*, or *Dark*. |
## See also
* [Filter scan results](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/filter-scan-results)
# Hide empty graphs
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/hide-empty-graphs
Automatically hide empty spectrum graphs in WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
*WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* can automatically hide the 2.4 or 5 GHz section of the *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz* graph if no networks are being displayed for that band.
## Turn on automatic hiding in Advanced settings
1. Go to *File* > *Settings* > *Advanced*.
2. Select **Hide 2.4 or 5 GHz graphs if no networks are displayed**.
## See also
* [Change Advanced settings](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/advanced-settings)
# Import data from external programs
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/import-data-from-external-programs
Import Wi-Fi scan data from mobile apps into WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
You can import data in CSV format from specific mobile applications that can be used for Wi-Fi scanning, including Apple's [AirPort Utility](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/airport-utility/id427276530) (iOS), [Analiti](https://analiti.com) (Android), [Aruba Utilities](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.arubanetworks.arubautilities\&hl=en_US\&gl=US) (Android), and [7Signal's Mobile Eye](https://www.7signal.com/products/mobile-eye), and display the scan results in *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*.
When importing scan results from these mobile applications into *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*, many of the columns and fields will be blank since the data from the results is very limited and doesn't include all the information that can be normally retrieved from a scan.
The number of columns in *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* that can be populated from CSV data varies between mobile applications:
| Column | AirPort Utility | Analiti | Aruba Utilities | Mobile Eye |
| - | :-: | :-: | :-: | :-: |
| BSSID | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Vendor | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Network Name | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Signal | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Channel | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Band | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Seen | ✔︎\* | ✔︎ | | |
| First Seen | ✔︎\* | ✔︎ | | |
| Last Seen | ✔︎\* | ✔︎ | | |
| AP Name | | ✔︎ | | |
| Channel Width | | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Basic Rates | | ✔︎ | | |
| Max Rate | | ✔︎ | | |
| Security | | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | |
| Channel Utilization | | ✔︎ | | ✔︎ |
| Stations | | ✔︎ | | ✔︎ |
\* *Only the time of the day is available. Date is always set to January 1, 2000.*
***
## AirPort Utility
Apple's [AirPort Utility](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/airport-utility/id427276530) for iOS includes a Wi-Fi scanner you can use to scan for nearby networks from your iPhone or iPad. Scan results include the following fields: BSSID, SSID, channel, RSSI, and a timestamp.
AirPort Utility offers different ways to share the scan results. The easiest way to import them into *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* is to use the Mail option: open the email message on your PC, select and copy the message's content with Ctrl-A, Ctrl-C, then paste it into *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* with Ctrl-V. Any signatures or footer information found in the email is ignored, so you don't need to worry about that.
You can also send yourself the scan results as a text file and then open or drag & drop it into *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*. Just make sure the file's name has the `.txt` or `.csv` extension.
When importing scan results from AirPort Utility, the date portion of the *First Seen*, *Last Seen*, and *Seen* columns in *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* will show *January 1, 2000*. The time field found in the scan results from AirPort Utility only specifies the time of the day.
***
## Analiti, Aruba Utilities, and Mobile Eye
[Analiti](https://analiti.com) and [Aruba Utilities](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.arubanetworks.arubautilities\&hl=en_US\&gl=US) are two popular Wi-Fi analyzers for Android. [7Signal's Mobile Eye](https://www.7signal.com/products/mobile-eye) is a Wi-Fi performance agent for mobile devices.
You can import data from these applications by exporting the scan results as a CSV file and then opening the file in *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*. You can also drag & drop the CSV file into *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*.
If the scan results are sent to you on an email, you can also copy the contents (Ctrl-C) and paste them (Ctrl-V) into *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*.
There is no historical signal strength information available when importing data from Analiti, Aruba Utilities, or Mobile Eye.
## See also
* [Create and manage profiles](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/create-and-manage-profiles)
# Increase accessibility
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/increase-accessibility
Accessibility options available in WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
*WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* provides an additional option to increase the accessibility of the app:
* Ability to adjust the font size of the *Networks Table* and the *Advanced Details* table. To increase or decrease the font size, choose **Make Text Bigger** or **Make Text Smaller** from the *View* menu.
# Keyboard shortcuts
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/keyboard-shortcuts
Keyboard shortcuts available in WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
Here are shortcuts you can use, in addition to those that appear in *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* standard menus.
## File
| Action | Shortcut |
| - | - |
| Save the scan results | Ctrl-Shift-S |
| Open Settings | Ctrl-, |
## Edit
| Action | Shortcut |
| - | - |
| Copy | Ctrl-C |
| Paste | Ctrl-V |
## View
| Action | Shortcut |
| - | - |
| Show or hide network labels | Alt-L |
| Size all columns to fit | Ctrl-Alt-= |
| Show or hide column separator lines | Alt-C |
| Show or hide row separator lines | Alt-R |
| Make text bigger | Ctrl-Plus Sign (+) |
| Make text smaller | Ctrl-Minus Sign (-) |
# Profiles
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/profiles-settings
Profiles settings in WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
Use Profiles settings to create and manage profiles. To change these settings, choose *File* > *Settings*, then click Profiles.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Active profile | Click the pop-up menu, then choose the profile you want to use. |
| Show profile chooser in toolbar | Choose to show the list of profiles in *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*'s toolbar. |
| Profiles list (on the left) | Shows the list of custom profiles. Select one to see or change its columns. To create a new profile, click the **+** button. To duplicate, reset, import, or export a profile, click the **More** button. |
| Columns list (on the right) | Shows the list of columns for the selected profile. To show or pin a column in the selected profile, click its **Show** or **Pin** checkbox. To add more columns, click the **+** button. |
## See also
* [Create and manage profiles](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/create-and-manage-profiles)
# Read and display data from capture files
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/read-and-display-data-from-capture-files
Import and display Wi-Fi network data from capture files in WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
*WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* can display the capabilities and configuration of Wi-Fi networks found in capture files. You can import `.pcap` and `.pcapng` capture files.
When you import a capture file, *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* looks for beacon and probe response frames to find Wi-Fi networks and retrieve capability, configuration, and historical signal strength information.
The capture file must include valid [Radiotap](https://www.radiotap.org) link-layer (pseudo) header information for *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* to successfully import the file and create a list of scan results for Wi-Fi networks.
***
## Import a capture file
1. Go to *File* > *Open*.
2. Choose the capture file you want to import.
You can also drag & drop a capture file into *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*.
If the capture file doesn't contain any beacon or probe response frames, then *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* will show no network information.
## See also
* [Create and manage profiles](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/create-and-manage-profiles)
# Save scan results
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/save-scan-results
Save wireless network scan results in WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
You can save the scan results as a PCAP Next Generation (PCAPNG) or PCAP file. All information available for each network is preserved, not just the fields currently displayed in the *Networks Table*.
## Save the scan results
1. Choose *File* > *Save As*.
2. Select the desired file format (PCAPNG or PCAP), enter a filename, and click **Save**.
***
## Save graphs as images
You can export the *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz* and *Spectrum 6 GHz* graphs as images.
To save an image from a graph, Ctrl-click or Alt-click the graph and drag it to the desktop, a document, or email.
## See also
* [Read and display data from capture files](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/read-and-display-data-from-capture-files)
* [Import data from external programs](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/import-data-from-external-programs)
# Sensors
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/sensors-settings
Sensors settings in WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
Use Sensors settings to add and manage sensors. To change these settings, choose *File* > *Settings*, then click Sensors.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Sensors list | Shows the list of sensors. To add a new sensor, click the **+** button. To import or export the list of sensors, or to run diagnostics on a sensor, click the **More** button. |
## See also
* [Connect to a sensor](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/connect-to-a-sensor)
# Update the vendor database
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro-windows/update-the-vendors-database
Keep the vendor database up to date in WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows.
The vendor database resolves an access point manufacturer's name from the Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI) portion of the BSSID, also known as the Company ID. New registrations are added to the vendor database as manufacturers create and distribute new products.
Each time you open *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows*, the app checks for vendor database updates, but no more than once every 24 hours. If an update is available, *WiFi Explorer Pro for Windows* asks for permission to download it, unless **Automatically download and update database** is selected, in which case it updates the database without asking.
## Disable automatic check for database updates
1. Go to *File* > *Settings* > *Advanced*.
2. Clear **Automatically check for updates**.
## Manually check for database updates
1. Go to *File* > *Settings* > *Advanced*.
2. Click **Check Now**.
## See also
* [Change Advanced settings](/wifiexplorerpro-windows/advanced-settings)
# About WiFi Explorer Pro 3
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/about
Overview, key features, and system requirements for WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* is a Wi-Fi scanner and analyzer for Mac built to assist WLAN and IT professionals in the design, validation, and troubleshooting of wireless networks. It offers an expert overview of the Wi-Fi landscape to quickly assess and find common problems affecting the performance or connectivity of home, small office, and enterprise networks.
With *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* you can filter and organize scan results by name, vendor, or inferred physical access point to better visualize and troubleshoot networks in any environment. It also provides essential integrations to visualize information from other wireless and non-802.11 energy sources, helping you understand the effects of interference and channel utilization on your wireless network.
## Key features
* Active, passive, and directed scan modes
* Custom profiles for different troubleshooting scenarios
* Organize scan results by network name (SSID), vendor, or inferred physical access point
* Custom filters for specific troubleshooting tasks
* Remote scanning using a supported sensor or access point
* Spectrum analysis integration to identify non-802.11 interference
* Zigbee integration using a supported Zigbee adapter
* Proximity beacon integration using the built-in Bluetooth LE radio
* SSID overhead estimation to help assess channel utilization
* Import and visualize capture files
The bands and channels visible in *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* depend on the Mac's Wi-Fi hardware, the regulatory domain, and the scan source.
## System requirements
* macOS 13.5 (Ventura) or later
* Built-in Wi-Fi adapter (external sensors optional)
## Release notes
For a list of changes in each version, see the [WiFi Explorer Pro 3 release notes](https://www.intuitibits.com/release-notes/wifiexplorerpro3/).
## See also
* [Glossary](/glossary)
# About inspectors
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/about-inspectors
Overview of the inspectors available in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* offers several inspectors in its right sidebar. An inspector offers complementary functions and information that can help you to design, validate, and troubleshoot Wi-Fi networks using *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*.
## ![]()
![]()
Issues inspector
Shows possible issues and recommendations for a particular Wi-Fi network.
## ![]()
![]()
History inspector
Shows the list of data points, as well as the average, maximum and minimum values for signal (RSSI), noise and SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio) for a particular Wi-Fi network.
## ![]()
![]()
Utilization inspector
Shows a number of utilization statistics for each occupied channel in the 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz bands.
## ![]()
![]()
Clients inspector
Shows information about clients associated to a particular Wi-Fi network.
## ![]()
![]()
Proximity Beacon inspector
Shows information about nearby proximity beacons.
## ![]()
![]()
Zigbee inspector
Shows information about nearby Zigbee networks using the [MMB Networks](http://mmbnetworks.com/) RapidConnect USB stick.
# Add and manage annotations
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/add-and-manage-annotations
Add and manage network annotations in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
Annotations are custom labels you can assign to particular networks. They can be used, for example, to indicate the location of an access point (e.g., "2nd floor") or to help identify or monitor several networks with the same network name (SSID).
Annotations will be shown in the *Signal Strength*, *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz*, and *Spectrum 6 GHz* graphs only when the *Annotations* column is being displayed.
If the *Annotations* column is not displayed, Control-click the *Networks Table* header and select the *Annotations* column. For a different profile, go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* > *Profiles*, select the desired profile, and then select **Show** for the *Annotations* column.
***
## Add annotations
There are two ways you can annotate a network. You can annotate a network by going to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* > *Annotations* and clicking the **+** button to add a new annotation for a given BSSID.
The BSSID field value may include **?** or **\*** to match multiple networks to the same annotation. **?** will match exactly one character, while **\*** will match zero or more characters. For example, an annotation with BSSID `11:22:33:44:55:*` will be displayed for networks with BSSIDs `11:22:33:44:55:66` and `11:22:33:44:55:77`.
You can also add annotations directly on the *Networks Table* by double-clicking the *Annotations* column's cell of the network you want to annotate. The BSSID mapped to the annotation will correspond to the BSSID of the selected network.
***
## Manage annotations
To manage annotations, go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* > *Annotations*. You can add, edit, or delete existing annotations. You can also edit existing annotations directly on the *Networks Table* by double-clicking the *Annotations* column's cell of the corresponding network.
You can import or export annotations by clicking the **More** button and choosing **Import** or **Export**. You can also remove all existing annotations by choosing **Remove All**.
# Advanced
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/advanced-settings
Advanced settings in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
Use Advanced settings to adjust the visualization of various items and configure vendor database updates. To change these settings, choose *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings*, then click Advanced.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Include hidden service networks | Mesh and other Wi-Fi systems may create hidden service networks for communication between the Wi-Fi system controller and extenders. Check this option if you want the scan results to include these hidden service networks. |
| When showing network labels, also include | Show the access point name or annotations under the network label in the *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*'s *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz* and *Spectrum 6 GHz* view. |
| Hide 2.4 or 5 GHz graphs if no networks are displayed | Hide empty graphs for a particular frequency band in the *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*'s *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz* view automatically. |
| Automatically check for updates | Check for vendor database updates automatically. |
| Automatically download and update database | Choose to download and update the vendor database automatically. |
| Check Now | Click to check for vendor database updates manually. |
## See also
* [Hide empty graphs](/wifiexplorerpro3/hide-empty-graphs)
* [Update the vendor database](/wifiexplorerpro3/update-the-vendors-database)
# Annotations
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/annotations-settings
Annotations settings in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
Use Annotations settings to create and manage annotations. To change these settings, choose *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings*, then click Annotations.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Search | Use the search field to show only the annotations you want to manage. |
| Annotations list | Shows the list of annotations. To create a new annotation, click the **+** button. To remove the selected annotation, click the **-** button. To import, export, or remove all annotations, click the **More** button. |
## See also
* [Add and manage annotations](/wifiexplorerpro3/add-and-manage-annotations)
# Coloring Rules
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/coloring-rules-settings
Coloring Rules settings in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
Use Coloring Rules to create and manage coloring rules. To change these settings, choose *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings*, then click Coloring Rules.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Apply rule set | Check to use a coloring rule set. To select the rule set, click the pop-up menu, then choose the coloring rule set you want to use. |
| Show rule set legend | Choose to show a legend for the active coloring rule set in the bottom-right corner of the *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* window. |
| Rule Sets list (on the left) | Shows the list of coloring rule sets. Select one to see or change its rules. To create a new rule set, click the **+** button. To duplicate, import, or export a rule set, click the **More** button. |
| Rules list (on the right) | Shows the list of rules for the selected rule set. To enable or disable a rule in the selected rule set, click its **Enable** checkbox. To add more rules, click the **+** button. |
## See also
* [Filter scan results](/wifiexplorerpro3/filter-scan-results)
* [Use coloring rules](/wifiexplorerpro3/use-coloring-rules)
# Compare networks
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/compare-networks
Compare the capabilities and configuration of two networks in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* can compare the capabilities and configuration of any two networks. It does so by comparing their advertised information elements field by field, indicating which information elements are identical, which information elements differ, and which information elements are present in one network but not the other.
***
## Select the networks to compare
1. Select two networks from the *Networks Table*.
2. Switch to the *Network Comparison* view.
The *Advanced Details* view becomes the *Network Comparison* view when you select two networks from the *Networks Table*.
***
The *Network Comparison* view shows on the left side the union of information elements from the two networks. For each entry, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* indicates whether the information elements differ (`≠`) or are the same (`✓`). It also shows if the information element is not present in one of the two networks (`𐄂`).
On the right side, the *Network Comparison* view highlights the particular fields where the selected information element differs.
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* uses the BSSID to identify the networks in the *Network Comparison* view when the networks you're comparing share the same SSID.
In the *Network Comparison* view, select **Hide identical information elements in common** to display only information elements that differ or are present in one network but not the other.
# Connect to a sensor
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/connect-to-a-sensor
Connect WiFi Explorer Pro 3 to a Linux- or Android-based sensor to scan for wireless networks remotely.
A sensor is a remote device that scans for wireless networks on *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*'s behalf and sends the results back for analysis. Sensors are useful when you can't be physically present at a location, such as a remote site or a different floor of a building, or when you need scanning capabilities your Mac's built-in Wi-Fi adapter doesn't have, such as 6 GHz support. *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* can connect to Linux- or Android-based sensors.
## Linux-based sensors
A sensor can be any Linux device with one or more compatible Wi-Fi adapters configured to allow *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* SSH access to scan for wireless networks using the desired Wi-Fi interface. A sensor can use active or passive scan mode.
In active scan mode, the sensor uses a helper utility that scans for Wi-Fi networks using the 802.11 netlink API. In passive scan mode, the sensor puts the Wi-Fi interface in *monitor mode* and listens for beacons. Most modern Wi-Fi adapters support the 802.11 netlink API, so if an adapter doesn't support *monitor mode*, you may still be able to use it to scan for Wi-Fi networks in active scan mode.
By default, a sensor is configured to use **Auto** in *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*. In auto mode, active scan mode is preferred when available; otherwise, passive scan mode is used.
The [WLAN Pi](http://www.wlanpi.com) comes pre-configured as a *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* sensor.
A WLAN Pi connected directly to your Mac over USB (OTG) doesn't need to be added under *Settings* > *Sensors*. *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* automatically lists it as its own entry in the *Scan Mode* menu.
### Install the required utilities
For a Linux device to work as a sensor, the following utilities must be installed:
| Utility | Required for |
| - | - |
| `ip` (iproute2) | Active and passive scan modes |
| `iw` | Active and passive scan modes |
| `tcpdump` | Passive scan mode |
| [`scandump`](https://github.com/intuitibits/scandump) | Active scan mode |
### Configure passwordless sudo
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* runs the utilities listed above over SSH with `sudo`, so the SSH user you use to connect to the sensor must be able to run them **without being prompted for a password**. You can grant that permission to only those utilities by adding a file to the `/etc/sudoers.d/` directory on the sensor:
1. Find the absolute path of each utility you need. Paths vary between Linux distributions, so check them on the sensor itself rather than assuming the ones used in the examples below:
```bash theme={null}
command -v ip iw tcpdump scandump
```
2. Create the sudoers file, called `wlandump` in this example, using `visudo`, which checks the syntax before saving:
```bash theme={null}
sudo visudo -f /etc/sudoers.d/wlandump
```
3. Add a single line listing the utilities required by the scan mode you plan to use, using the paths you found in step 1. For active scan mode:
```text theme={null}
%sudo ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /sbin/iw, /bin/ip, /usr/bin/scandump
```
For passive scan mode:
```text theme={null}
%sudo ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /sbin/iw, /bin/ip, /usr/bin/tcpdump
```
To allow either scan mode, list all of the utilities:
```text theme={null}
%sudo ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /sbin/iw, /bin/ip, /usr/bin/tcpdump, /usr/bin/scandump
```
The paths above are examples. `sudo` matches each rule against the exact path of the command it runs, so if a utility is installed elsewhere on your sensor, replace the example path with the one you found in step 1.
4. Save the file and exit the editor, then make the file read-only:
```bash theme={null}
sudo chmod -w /etc/sudoers.d/wlandump
```
5. Verify the configuration by logging in to the sensor as the SSH user and running a utility with `sudo -n`, which fails instead of prompting for a password:
```bash theme={null}
sudo -n iw dev
```
If the command lists the wireless interfaces, the SSH user can run the utilities without entering a password. If it returns "sudo: a password is required", check the paths you entered in step 3 and the group membership described below.
The example lines grant passwordless `sudo` to every member of the `sudo` group (`%sudo`). If the SSH user doesn't belong to that group, replace `%sudo` with the username, as in `wlanpi ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /sbin/iw, /bin/ip, /usr/bin/scandump`.
A syntax error in a file under `/etc/sudoers.d/` can prevent `sudo` from working on the sensor. Edit these files with `visudo`, which refuses to save a file that contains invalid syntax.
## Android-based sensors
You can also use an Android device as an active-scan sensor when using [WiFi Sensor](https://www.intuitibits.com/products/wifisensor/) for Android or [analiti](https://www.analiti.com)'s real-time stream function. Android-based sensors support active scanning only. To use [WiFi Sensor](https://www.intuitibits.com/products/wifisensor/) or [analiti](https://www.analiti.com) with a compatible Android device as a sensor, follow the instructions below to add your Android device as a sensor and use port 19000.
***
## Add a sensor
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* > *Sensors* and click the **+** button.
2. Enter the hostname or IP address of the sensor.
3. Double-click the **Name** field to give the sensor a custom name.
4. To specify a wireless interface for scanning, double-click the **Interface Name** field and enter its name. Otherwise, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* automatically chooses the first remote wireless interface. This field is ignored for Android-based sensors.
5. If the Linux-based sensor uses a port other than TCP port 22 for SSH access, double-click the **Port** field and enter the correct port number. For Android-based sensors, enter port 19000.
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* discovers [WLAN Pi](http://www.wlanpi.com)-based sensors deployed in your local area network automatically.
Because *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* uses a Linux-based sensor's Wi-Fi adapter to perform the scan, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* must connect to the sensor via Ethernet or a secondary Wi-Fi adapter.
***
## Connect to a sensor
1. Click on the *Scan Mode* menu in the *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*'s toolbar.
2. Select the sensor.
3. Enter a valid username and password to connect to the sensor if prompted.
For Linux-based sensors, the connection between *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* and the sensor is made securely via SSH. The first time you use the sensor, you will be prompted to authenticate with a valid username and password. You can choose to have *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* remember the credentials, so you don't have to enter them every time you do a scan using the sensor. *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* will store the credentials securely in your Mac's keychain.
Press the Option key when selecting the sensor or starting a new remote scan if you previously chose to save the credentials and need to enter a new username and password.
If the sensor is behind a firewall, you must open TCP port 22 (SSH), or the port the sensor is using for SSH access, to allow for *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* to communicate with the sensor.
***
## Manage sensors
To manage the sensors, go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* > *Sensors*. You can add, edit or delete existing sensors, and change the order of the sensors by dragging the entries in the list.
You can also import or export sensors by clicking the **More** button and choosing **Import** or **Export**.
***
## Troubleshoot sensors
If you're experiencing issues connecting to or using a sensor, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* includes a built-in diagnostics tool to help identify potential problems.
To run diagnostics, open *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*, go to *Settings* > *Sensors*, select the sensor from the list, click the **More** button, and choose **Run Diagnostics**.
Sensor diagnostics are available exclusively for Linux-based sensors.
## See also
* [Find networks using the built-in Wi-Fi adapter](/wifiexplorerpro3/find-networks-using-built-in-adapter)
* [Sensors](/wifiexplorerpro3/sensors-settings)
# Copy column values
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/copy-column-values
Copy column values from the Networks Table in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
You can copy the value of a column for the selected network or networks. You can also copy all the columns' values.
When you choose to copy all the columns' values, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* copies the values in CSV format.
## Copy a single column or all columns
1. Select the desired network or networks.
2. To copy the values of a specific column, Control-click that column and choose **Copy Field**.
3. To copy the values of all columns, Control-click and choose **Copy All Fields** or **Copy All Fields and Names**.
# Copy information element fields
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/copy-information-element-fields
Copy information element fields from the Advanced Details view in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
You can copy information element fields for the selected network in the *Networks Table*.
## Copy a single element or all elements
1. Select the desired network and switch to the *Advanced Details* view.
2. Control-click the information element name, then choose **Copy Element** or **Copy All Elements**.
# Create and manage profiles
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/create-and-manage-profiles
Create and manage column profiles in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* can show several capabilities and configuration parameters for each network. Some information is not displayed by default and can be shown by enabling or creating additional columns. Because not all troubleshooting tasks require the same information visibility, you can use profiles to create and display different sets of columns suitable for specific troubleshooting tasks and scenarios, and quickly switch between column arrangements as needed.
For example, if you are often troubleshooting Hotspot 2.0 networks, you may create a profile that includes columns to display information specific to Hotspot 2.0 networks, such as *HESSID*, *Vendor Type*, etc. If you are then tasked to work with mesh networks, you can create a mesh network profile and switch between profiles accordingly. By using profiles, you can display only the information you need for the task at hand.
Built-in columns, such as BSSID, network name, signal strength, etc. are part of every profile but you can choose whether to display them or not. You can also create other columns from fields found in the information elements advertised in beacon and probe responses, choosing from more than 650 available fields.
***
## Create profiles
You can create custom profiles and assign different columns to it. You can also show or hide columns in a profile, add new columns, and change the column order.
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* includes a default profile. This profile cannot be deleted or renamed.
### Create a profile
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Click the **+** button under the profile list to create a new profile.
3. Customize the columns in the new profile.
***
## Manage profiles
You can switch between profiles. You can also rename, duplicate, reset, import or export a profile.
### Switch between profiles
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Select a profile under **Active Profile**.
You can also switch between profiles by selecting a different profile from the *profile chooser* shown in the main window of *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*.
If the *profile chooser* is not shown, go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* > *Profiles* and select **Show profile chooser in toolbar**.
### Rename a profile
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Select the profile and press **Enter**, then type a new profile name.
### Duplicate a profile
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Select the profile you want to duplicate.
3. Click the **More** button under the profile list, then choose **Duplicate Profile**.
### Reset a profile
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Select the profile you want to reset.
3. Click the **More** button under the profile list, then choose **Reset Profile**.
Resetting a profile removes all previously added columns and resets the **Show** status of the profile's built-in columns. This cannot be undone.
### Import or export a profile
#### To import a profile:
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Click the **More** button under the profile list, then choose **Import**.
3. Select the profile you want to import and click **Import**.
You can also import a profile by dragging the file into the profile list in *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* > *Profiles*.
#### To export a profile:
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Select the profile you want to export.
3. Click the **More** button under the profile list, then choose **Export**.
***
## Customize profiles
You can customize what columns are displayed for each profile. You can also add, pin, rename, or reorder columns.
### Add a column
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Select the desired profile.
3. Click the **+** button found under the list of columns and choose the field you want to display as a column.
The name of the information element field used to create the column is shown in the **Field** column.
You can also create a column by doing Control-click on the information element field in *Advanced Details* and choosing **Apply as Column** from the context menu. You can also drag the field and drop it over the *Networks Table*'s header to create a column.
Some information element fields cannot be displayed as columns. If the field cannot be displayed as a column, the **Apply as Column** option will not be available, and you cannot drag and drop the field either.
### Show or hide columns
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Select the profile, then click the **Show** field for the column you want to show or hide.
You can also show or hide columns in the active profile by doing Control-click in the *Networks Table*'s header and then checking or unchecking the name of the column you want to show or hide.
### Pin or unpin a column
Column pinning allows you to fix a column to the left edge of the *Networks Table* so that the column remains visible when scrolling the table horizontally.
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Select the profile, then click the **Pin** field for the column you want to pin or unpin.
You can also pin or unpin a column in the active profile by doing Control-click in the *Networks Table*, over the column's title, and then choosing **Pin Column** or **Unpin Column**.
You can unpin all columns in the active profile by doing Control-click over a pinned column and choosing **Unpin All Columns**.
### Rename a column
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Select the desired profile.
3. Select the column and press **Enter**, then type a new column name.
You can restore the column's name to its original value by deleting the custom name and leaving it blank.
You can also rename a column in the active profile by double-clicking the column's title in the *Networks Table* and then entering a new column name, or by doing Control-click in the column's title to choose **Rename Column**.
### Reorder columns
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Profiles*.
2. Select the desired profile.
3. Select the column and drag it within the list, then drop it into the new position.
You can also reorder a column in the active profile by dragging the column's title in the *Networks Table* and dropping it into the new position.
### Size a column to fit
Control-click a column's title in the *Networks Table* and choose **Size Column to Fit** to automatically adjust the column's width to fit its content.
To size all columns to fit their content at once, use the *Size All Columns to Fit* keyboard shortcut. See [Keyboard shortcuts](/wifiexplorerpro3/keyboard-shortcuts) for details.
***
## Built-in columns
The following table lists the built-in columns, their descriptions, and their support in active and passive scan modes:
| Column | Description | Active scan mode | Passive scan mode |
| - | - | :-: | :-: |
| Amendments | Indicates the amendments to the 802.11 standard supported by the access point. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Annotations | An editable column for custom labels or comments, e.g. "AP, 2nd floor". | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| AP Name | The access point name as advertised in 802.11 beacon and probe response frames using vendor-specific elements. Supports AP name elements from Alcatel-Lucent, Alta, Arista, Aruba, Belden, Cisco, Extreme Networks/Zebra/Nokia, Fortinet, Huawei, Meter, MikroTik/Routerboard, Mist, Ruckus, Telecom Infra Project, and Ubiquiti. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Band | The frequency band of the wireless network, 2.4, 5 or 6 GHz. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Basic Rates | Indicates the set of data rates a client station must support to successfully connect to the access point. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Beacon Airtime | Indicates the time that it takes to transmit a beacon. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Beacon Interval | Indicates the frequency interval for beacons. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Beacon Mode | Indicates how the access point advertises the BSSID, which can be "Transmitted" or "Nontransmitted." A transmitted BSSID is advertised using a beacon or probe response. A nontransmitted BSSID is advertised as part of the Multiple BSSID information element in a beacon or probe response. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Beacon Rate | Indicates the data rate in Mbps at which beacon frames are transmitted. | | ✔︎ |
| BSSID | The MAC address of the wireless router or access point. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Center Frequency | The center radio frequency of the primary channel in MHz. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Channel | The primary channel of the wireless network. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Channel Utilization | Percentage of time the AP sensed the medium (channel) as busy (QBSS-enabled access points only). | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Channel Width | The channel width, 20, 40, 80, 160, or 320 MHz. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Clients | Indicates the number of clients associated to the access point. | | ✔︎ |
| Count | Indicates the number of networks in the current group. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Country Code | The regulatory domain country code information. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Fast Transition | The current 802.11r (Fast BSS Transition) method for fast roaming (if supported). | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| First Seen | Indicates the absolute time at which the network was first found. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Generation | Indicates the generational name of the Wi-Fi technology supported by the network. You can learn more about generational names [here](https://www.wi-fi.org/news-events/newsroom/wi-fi-alliance-introduces-wi-fi-6). | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| IE Count | Indicates the number of information elements found in the beacon or probe response frame. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| IE Total Length | Indicates the total number of bytes for all information elements found in the beacon or probe response frame. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Last Seen | Indicates the absolute time at which the network was last found. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Max Basic Rate | The maximum supported basic data rate in Mbps. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Max Rate | The maximum supported data rate in Mbps. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Min Basic Rate | The minimum supported basic data rate in Mbps. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Min Rate | The minimum supported data rate in Mbps. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Mode | The mode (or modes) supported by the access point. It can be either a, b, g, n, ac, ax, be, or a combination of them if multiple modes are supported. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Network Name | The name of the network or SSID (Service Set Identifier). | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Noise | The current background noise level as dBm or %. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Protection Mode | The active protection mechanism for 802.11n High Throughput (HT) enabled networks. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Security | The security mode of the wireless network or blank if the network is open. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Seen | Indicates the relative time at which the network was last found. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Signal | The current received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of the wireless network as dBm or %. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| SNR | The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the wireless network as dB. *The greater the SNR, the better the signal quality of the wireless network*. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Stations | Number of clients currently associated to the access point radio (QBSS-enabled access points only). | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Streams | The number of spatial streams supported. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Type | Indicates if the wireless network is configured in infrastructure (managed) or ad-hoc mode. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Uptime | The uptime of the network as estimated from its beacon's timestamp. | | ✔︎ |
| Vendor | The name of the manufacturer of the router or access point, if available. The manufacturer information is derived from the first three octets (XX:XX:XX) of the BSSID, which constitute the Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI), also known as Company ID. Visit the [IEEE Registration Authority Website](http://standards.ieee.org/develop/regauth/oui/index.html) for more information. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Wide Channel | The center channel for the entire channel width. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
# Filter networks by signal strength using keyboard shortcuts
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/filter-networks-by-signal-strength-using-keyboard-shortcuts
Use keyboard shortcuts to filter networks by signal strength in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
You can filter networks by signal strength using keyboard shortcuts: a combination of the **Control** key and one of the keys representing the numbers from 0 to 9, or the keys below them (Q, W, E, ..., I, O). If you set a filter using one of these shortcuts, you can clear it by pressing **Escape**.
For example, to display only networks with signal strength greater than or equal to -70 dBm, press **Control-7**. Similarly, to display only networks with signal strength greater than or equal to -75 dBm, press **Control-U** (the U key is below and between 7 and 8 on the keyboard, so it gives you the midpoint between -70 and -80 dBm). The same applies when using percentage (%) units for signal strength: 1 for 10%, Q for 15%, 2 for 20%, and so on.
When using a keyboard shortcut to filter networks by signal strength, an indication of the active filter is displayed in the bottom right corner of the *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* window.
## See also
* [Filter scan results](/wifiexplorerpro3/filter-scan-results)
# Filter networks using automatic filters
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/filter-networks-using-automatic-filters
Filter networks using automatic filters in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
Automatic filters are dynamically generated based on the scan results. You can choose these filters from the left sidebar by selecting one of the items under each of the following categories:
| Category | Description |
| - | - |
| Network Name | Shows a list of unique SSIDs in use by networks found during the scan. If one or more networks are hidden, then the value *Hidden Network* is used. When you select an item from this category, only the networks using the selected SSID are shown. |
| Annotation | Shows a list of unique annotations assigned to the networks found during the scan. Only the networks that match the selected annotation are shown when you choose an item under this category. |
| Mode | Shows a list of unique 802.11 modes in use by networks during a scan. A mode can be, for example, 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11b/g/n, etc. When you select an item from this category, only the networks that match the selected mode are shown. |
| Channel | Shows a list of unique primary channels in use by networks found during the scan. When you select an item from this category, only the networks using the selected primary channel are shown. |
| Channel Width | Shows a list of unique channel widths in use by networks found during the scan. When you select an item from this category, only the networks using the selected channel width are shown. |
| Overlapping Networks | Shows a list of unique channels occupied by networks found during the scan. Channels that are considered to be overlapping, including secondary channels, are listed under this category. When you select an item from this category, only the networks overlapping on the selected channel are shown. |
| Security | Shows a list of unique security modes in use by networks found during the scan. When you select an item from this category, only the networks using the selected security mode are shown. |
| Access Point | Shows a list of unique access points, identified by BSSID, found during the scan. If two or more networks using different BSSIDs belong to the same access point, then a *masked* BSSID is used to identify the access point. When you select an item from this category, only the chosen access point's networks are shown. |
| AP Name | Shows a list of unique access point names in use by networks found during the scan. When you select an item from this category, only the networks that are advertising the chosen access point name are shown. |
| Vendor | Shows a list of unique vendors from the networks found during the scan. When you select an item from this category, only the networks that match the selected vendor are shown. |
| Information Element | Shows a list of unique information element names advertised by networks found during the scan. When you select an item from this category, only the networks that include the selected information element in their beacon or probe response frames are shown. |
If you choose an automatic filter from the sidebar, you can refine the scan results further by typing other keywords in the **Filter** field.
## Negate automatic filters
You can negate an automatic filter by selecting the filter and pressing **Spacebar**. For example, if you choose *WPA2 (PSK)* from the *Security* category and press **Spacebar**, only networks that do not match the *WPA2 (PSK)* filter are shown. To revert the filter, press **Spacebar** again.
The prefix **\~** identifies a negated automatic filter, for example, *\~WPA2 (PSK)*.
## See also
* [Filter scan results](/wifiexplorerpro3/filter-scan-results)
# Filter networks using custom filters
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/filter-networks-using-custom-filters
Create and use custom filters in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
You can use pre-defined filter controls to quickly display 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz networks, as well as secure or open networks only. To display only 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, 6 GHz, secure, or open networks select the pre-defined filter from the *Quick Filter* bar.
To clear any filters and show all networks, select All from the Quick Filter bar.
## Add a custom filter in Settings
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Filters*.
2. Click on the **+** button to add a new filter.
3. Select the new filter and press **Enter** to give it a custom name.
4. Double-click the **Filter** field to enter a new [filter expression](/wifiexplorerpro3/filter-scan-results).
You can change the filter control position in the *Quick Filter* bar by going to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* > *Filters* and reordering the entries in the table. To reorder the entries in the table, drag the row, then drop it into the new position.
## See also
* [Filter scan results](/wifiexplorerpro3/filter-scan-results)
# Filter scan results
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/filter-scan-results
Filter wireless network scan results in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
In *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*, you can quickly filter scan results to help diagnose or troubleshoot specific wireless networks or environments.
There are many ways to filter scan results in *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*, including filtering by keywords, specific network attributes, or information element fields. *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* also offers advanced filter options such as [pre-defined and custom filters](/wifiexplorerpro3/filter-networks-using-custom-filters), [automatic filters](/wifiexplorerpro3/filter-networks-using-automatic-filters), and [keyboard shortcuts](/wifiexplorerpro3/filter-networks-by-signal-strength-using-keyboard-shortcuts). The same filter-expression syntax is also used for [coloring rules](/wifiexplorerpro3/use-coloring-rules).
***
## Filter networks using keywords
You can filter networks by name (SSID), BSSID, channel, signal strength (RSSI), annotations, mode, vendor, access point name, band, country code, security, encryption type, or whether certain capabilities are supported using the **Filter** field.
* To filter networks by name (SSID), annotations, vendor, or access point name, type the text in the **Filter** field. If you need to filter using an exact match, use quotation marks for the keywords, e.g., **"ABC School."**
* To filter networks by BSSID, type either :XX or XX: where XX is an octet of the BSSID. You can also extend the text with more octets (e.g. XX:XX, XX:XX:XX) to search for more specific BSSIDs.
* To filter networks by signal strength (RSSI), type a comparison operator (`<`, `>`, `<=`, or `>=`) and the signal strength level in the **Filter** field. For example, to display only networks with a signal strength greater than or equal to -65 dBm, type **>=-65**. To use signal strength as a percentage, type **>=50%**.
You can also permanently filter and hide networks with weak signals by adjusting the scan operation's sensitivity. To change the sensitivity, choose *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* > *General*, then select the desired scan sensitivity level.
* To filter networks by channel number, type the channel number in the **Filter** field. You can also specify ranges, for example, the filter **2-5** shows all networks on channels 2, 3, 4, or 5.
* To filter networks by band, type the band (e.g., **2.4GHz**, **2.4ghz**, **24ghz**, **5ghz**, **6ghz**) in the **Filter** field.
* To filter networks by generation, use **wifi4**, **wifi5**, or **wifi6**.
* To filter networks by mode, type the letter or letters that identify the mode: **a**, **b**, **g**, **n**, **ac**, **ax**, or **be**. You can also prefix the letter(s) with 802.11, 80211 or just 11. For example, type **11b** to display only networks that support 802.11b, or **ax** to display only networks that support 802.11ax.
* To filter networks by security or encryption type, enter the acronym for the security or encryption type in the **Filter** field. For example, type **WPA2** to display only networks that are configured with WPA2.
* To filter networks by capability, enter the capability in the **Filter** field. The following capabilities are supported: Wi-Fi Protected Setup (use **wps**), BSS Fast Transition (use **ft**), Hotspot 2.0 (use **hs**), and Dynamic Transmit Power Control (use **dtpc**). For example, type **wps** to display only networks that support WPS.
* To filter networks by hidden SSID, enter **hidden** in the **Filter** field.
***
## Filter networks using specific network attributes
You can also filter networks by specific attributes. These attributes map to available columns in *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* and are identified with the prefix **dot11.net.**, as shown in the table below. For example, to show only networks with a minimum basic rate of 11 Mbps or higher, use the filter **dot11.net.min\_basic\_rate >= 11**.
Control-click a field in the *Networks Table* and choose **Apply as Filter** to filter by the selected network attribute, **New Filter** to create a new [custom filter](/wifiexplorerpro3/filter-networks-using-custom-filters), or **New Coloring Rule** to create a new [coloring rule](/wifiexplorerpro3/use-coloring-rules) based on it. Control-click and press Option to choose **Apply as Filter and Negate**, **New Filter and Negate**, or **New Coloring Rule and Negate** to negate the selected filter.
If you filter only by the attribute name, for example, **dot11.net.country\_code**, then only the networks that include this attribute are displayed.
| Attribute | Description |
| - | - |
| `dot11.net.amendments` | Supported network amendments (d/e/h/i/k/p/r/s/u/v/w) |
| `dot11.net.annotations` | Annotations |
| `dot11.net.band` | Frequency band (2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz) |
| `dot11.net.basic_rates` | Supported basic rates (Mbps) |
| `dot11.net.beacon_airtime` | Beacon airtime (milliseconds) |
| `dot11.net.beacon_interval` | Beacon interval (milliseconds) |
| `dot11.net.beacon_mode` | Mode used to advertise the BSSID (Transmitted or Nontransmitted) |
| `dot11.net.beacon_rate` | Rate at which beacon frames are transmitted (Mbps) |
| `dot11.net.bssid` | BSSID |
| `dot11.net.center_freq` | Center frequency (MHz) |
| `dot11.net.channel` | Channel |
| `dot11.net.channel_util` | BSS Load channel utilization (%) |
| `dot11.net.channel_width` | Channel width (MHz) |
| `dot11.net.clients` | Number of clients detected |
| `dot11.net.country_code` | Country code |
| `dot11.net.ap_name` | Access point name |
| `dot11.net.fast_transition` | Fast BSS transition |
| `dot11.net.generation` | Generation (4, 5, or 6) |
| `dot11.net.ie_count` | Number of information elements in beacon or probe response frames |
| `dot11.net.ie_total_length` | Total length of information elements (bytes) |
| `dot11.net.max_basic_rate` | Maximum supported basic rate (Mbps) |
| `dot11.net.max_rate` | Maximum supported rate (Mbps) |
| `dot11.net.min_basic_rate` | Minimum supported basic rate (Mbps) |
| `dot11.net.min_rate` | Minimum supported rate (Mbps) |
| `dot11.net.mode` | Network mode (a/b/g/n/ac/ax/be) |
| `dot11.net.noise` | Noise (dBm) |
| `dot11.net.protection_mode` | HT protection mode |
| `dot11.net.security` | Security mode |
| `dot11.net.signal` | Signal strength (dBm) |
| `dot11.net.snr` | Signal-to-noise ratio (dB) |
| `dot11.net.ssid` | Network name (SSID) |
| `dot11.net.stations` | BSS Load station count |
| `dot11.net.streams` | Number of spatial streams |
| `dot11.net.type` | Network type (Ad-Hoc, Mesh, or Infrastructure) |
| `dot11.net.vendor` | Vendor |
| `dot11.net.wide_channel` | Wide channel |
***
## Filter networks using information element fields
Besides network attributes, you can also filter networks by specific information element fields. The prefix **dot11.** identifies information element fields (except for **dot11.net**, which identifies network attributes).
There are more than 650 information element fields you can use to filter networks in *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*. The auto-complete function of the **Filter** field will help you navigate the list and find the specific information element field you need.
Select a network and Control-click a field in the *Advanced Details* view, then choose **Apply as Filter** to filter by the selected information element field, **New Filter** to create a new [custom filter](/wifiexplorerpro3/filter-networks-using-custom-filters), or **New Coloring Rule** to create a new [coloring rule](/wifiexplorerpro3/use-coloring-rules) based on it. Control-click and press Option to choose **Apply as Filter and Negate**, **New Filter and Negate**, or **New Coloring Rule and Negate** to negate the selected filter.
***
### Compare values
You can use the following operators to compare values when filtering using network attributes or information element fields:
| Operator | Description | Value Type |
| - | - | - |
| == | Equal | Number, Text |
| != | Not equal | Number, Text |
| \~\~ | Contains | Text |
| !\~ | Does not contain | Text |
| > | Greater than | Number |
| >= | Greater or equal than | Number |
| `<` | Less than | Number |
| `<=` | Less or equal than | Number |
If the value you're comparing contains spaces, then you must use quotation marks. For example, **dot11.net.ssid == "Guest Network"**.
It is optional to include the units (MHz, GHz, dBm, etc.) when comparing numerical values. For example, the filter **dot11.net.snr > 15** is equivalent to **dot11.net.snr > "15 dB"**.
### Combine multiple filters
You can combine filters using "**OR**" or "**AND**." For example, if you want to filter networks so that only 2.4 GHz networks with a network name (SSID) starting with *School* are shown, use the filter **24ghz AND School**. If you want to display only networks on channels 1, 6, or 11, use the filter **1 OR 6 OR 11**.
You can use parenthesis to group filter expressions and change the order of evaluation of the **OR** and **AND** operators. For example, the filter **(2.4GHz AND 40MHz) OR (5GHz AND 160MHz)** will show 2.4 GHz networks using a 40 MHz channel width or 5 GHz networks using a 160 MHz channel width.
### Negate filters
You can negate a filter with "**NOT**." For example, to list all networks that do not have the word *School* as part of their names, enter **NOT School**.
## See also
* [Use coloring rules](/wifiexplorerpro3/use-coloring-rules)
* [Add and manage annotations](/wifiexplorerpro3/add-and-manage-annotations)
# Filters
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/filters-settings
Filters settings in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
Use Filters settings to create and manage custom filters. To change these settings, choose *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings*, then click Filters.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Filters list | Shows the list of custom filters. To show or hide a filter, click the checkbox next to it. To create a new filter, click the **+** button. To import, export, or remove all filters, click the **More** button. |
## See also
* [Filter scan results](/wifiexplorerpro3/filter-scan-results)
# Find networks using the built-in Wi-Fi adapter
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/find-networks-using-built-in-adapter
Scan for wireless networks using the built-in Wi-Fi adapter in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
You can scan for Wi-Fi networks using the built-in Wi-Fi adapter in active or passive scan mode. In active scan mode, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* sends probe requests on each channel and listens for the probe responses sent back by nearby access points; this mode can be used while connected to a Wi-Fi network. In passive scan mode, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* puts the adapter into *monitor mode* and listens for the beacons access points broadcast on their own, which requires disconnecting from any currently associated network. Passive scan mode isn't available on Macs with the M1 chip, and is currently unreliable on M5 Pro, M5 Max, M5 MacBook Air, and MacBook Neo models running macOS Tahoe due to a known channel-switching issue. The following sections describe each mode in more detail.
Since macOS Mojave 10.14, Apple's CoreWLAN framework restricts access to network information, such as the network name (SSID) and BSSID, unless Location Services is authorized for *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*. Without this permission, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* cannot scan for or display wireless networks. See [Enable Location Services](#enable-location-services) below.
The bands and channels visible in *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* depend on the Mac's Wi-Fi hardware, the regulatory domain, and the scan source.
***
## Scan for networks using active scan mode
When using active scan mode, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* sends probe requests on each supported channel for the 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz bands. When a nearby access point receives a probe request, it replies with a probe response. A probe response includes a set of information elements that describe the wireless network's capabilities and configuration. This mode can be used while connected to a Wi-Fi network.
The scanning interval is automatically determined by how fast the Wi-Fi adapter can scan for wireless networks and cannot be changed.
There are two types of active scan: active scan mode and directed scan mode. In directed scan mode, the probe request includes the SSID of a particular network. Only access points advertising a network that matches the SSID in the probe request reply with a probe response.
### Choose active scan mode
1. Click on the *Scan Mode* menu in *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*'s toolbar.
2. Select **Active** or **Directed** mode.
When using directed scan mode, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* prompts you to enter the SSID of the network you want to include in the probe request.
***
## Scan for networks using passive scan mode
When using passive scan mode, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* puts the built-in Wi-Fi adapter into *monitor mode* and listens for beacons (and probe responses) sent by nearby access points on 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz channels.
Passive scan mode isn't available on Macs with the M1 chip. It's also currently unreliable on M5 Pro, M5 Max, M5 MacBook Air, and MacBook Neo models running macOS Tahoe, due to a known issue switching channels while in monitor mode. This may be resolved in a future macOS update.
A passive scan cannot be performed while associated with a network. *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* will automatically disconnect the Wi-Fi adapter if necessary and attempt to reconnect after stopping the scan.
Beacons are periodically sent by access points to advertise a Wi-Fi network and for coordination with other nearby stations. Same as probe responses, beacons include a set of information elements that describe the wireless network's capabilities and configuration.
Except on very specific cases, beacons and probe responses are identical. In other words, they include the same set of information elements.
There are two types of passive scan, *All Channels* and *Single Channel*. When doing a passive scan on all channels, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* hops between each supported channel and listens, on each channel, only for a small amount of time (dwell time). This *dwell time* is not fixed, and *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* will automatically adjust it to optimize the overall scan time based on how busy a channel appears.
When doing a passive scan on a single channel, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* sets the Wi-Fi adapter to a specific channel and listens for beacons 100% of the scan time.
Use passive scan mode on a single channel when troubleshooting busy environments or to improve client detection for a given BSSID.
### Choose passive scan mode
1. Click on the *Scan Mode* menu in *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*'s toolbar.
2. Select **All Channels** or **Single Channel** mode.
When using *Single Channel* mode, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* will prompt you to enter the channel number to listen for beacons from nearby access points.
***
## Enable Location Services
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* will never try to determine, save, or share your physical location. The Location Services permission is used exclusively to let *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* access network information from macOS.
1. Go to *System Settings* > *Privacy & Security* > *Location Services*.
2. Turn on Location Services if it isn't already enabled.
3. Find *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* in the list and select its checkbox.
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* only appears in the Location Services list after you've launched it at least once.
## See also
* [Filter scan results](/wifiexplorerpro3/filter-scan-results)
* [Create and manage profiles](/wifiexplorerpro3/create-and-manage-profiles)
# Find networks using other scan sources
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/find-networks-using-other-scan-sources
Scan for wireless networks using encapsulated capture feeds or sensors in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
You can scan for Wi-Fi networks using encapsulated 802.11 capture feeds from access points in "sniffer" or "monitor mode," or sensors, by choosing *listener mode* or *sensor mode*. In *listener mode*, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* receives capture feeds sent by access points running in "sniffer" or "monitor mode," encapsulated using a protocol such as PEEKREMOTE or TZSP. In *sensor mode*, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* connects to a remote sensor and receives the scan results for visualization. Depending on its capabilities and configuration, a Linux-based sensor may support active scanning, passive scanning, or both. Android-based sensors support active scanning only. The following sections describe each mode in more detail.
***
## Scan for networks using encapsulated capture feeds
*Listener mode* allows *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* to listen for encapsulated 802.11 capture feeds from access points that are running in "sniffer" or "monitor mode." Access points must be configured to send these capture feeds to the machine running *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*. They are *encapsulated* because the raw 802.11 frames captured by the access point are sent back to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* using an *encapsulation protocol*.
### Choose listener scan mode
1. Follow the access point's instructions to start and send the capture feed to the machine running *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*.
2. Click on the *Scan Mode* menu in *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*'s toolbar.
3. Select **Listener** mode.
4. Choose the type of encapsulation protocol and port number that matches the configuration of the access point.
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* currently supports two encapsulation protocols:
* *PEEKREMOTE*: A prevalent encapsulation protocol designed originally as part of the AiroPeek/OmniPeek protocol analyzer. By default, PEEKREMOTE uses UDP port 5000; however, you can set the listening port to a different value if the access point is configured to send the feed to a different port.
* *TZSP (TaZmen Sniffer Protocol)*: Another standard encapsulation protocol used to encapsulate raw Wi-Fi frames into UDP datagrams sent over wired links. By default, TZSP uses UDP port 37008; however, you can set the listening port to a different value if the vendor sends the feed to a different port.
***
## Scan for networks using sensors
When using *sensor mode*, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* connects to a remote sensor and receives its scan results for visualization. Depending on its capabilities and configuration, a Linux-based sensor may support active scanning, passive scanning, or both. Android-based sensors support active scanning only.
See [Connect to a sensor](/wifiexplorerpro3/connect-to-a-sensor).
## See also
* [Filter scan results](/wifiexplorerpro3/filter-scan-results)
* [Create and manage profiles](/wifiexplorerpro3/create-and-manage-profiles)
# Frequently asked questions
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/frequently-asked-questions
Frequently asked questions about WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
Since macOS Mojave 10.14, Apple's CoreWLAN framework restricts access to network information, such as the network name (SSID) and BSSID, unless Location Services is authorized. *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* will never try to determine, save, or share your physical location; the permission is used exclusively to access this network information. See [Enable Location Services](/wifiexplorerpro3/find-networks-using-built-in-adapter#enable-location-services) for instructions.
Yes. The network you are connected to is displayed in the table using a **bold** font. Also, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* shows detailed information about the connection in the toolbar.
Yes. *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* can find and display information on hidden networks. A hidden network doesn't advertise its name, so when found, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* will show *Hidden Network* as the network's name.
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* does not offer native support for external Wi-Fi adapters.
In the spectrum view, solid lines represent infrastructure or managed networks, while dashed lines represent ad-hoc networks, also known as computer-to-computer networks.
In the spectrum view, the shape represents the physical layer's spectral signature and modulation type supported by a wireless network. *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* uses a "parabolic" shape to denote HR-DSSS BPSK (High-Rate Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum with Binary Phase-Shift Keying), that is, wireless networks with supported data rates up to 11 Mbps (e.g., 802.11b when operating at 1, 2, 5.5 and 11 Mbps data rates). The "trapezoidal" shape corresponds to a physical layer's spectral signature and modulation type that make possible wireless networks with supported data rates greater than 11 Mbps. You can learn more about modulation types [here](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulation).
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* can detect client devices connected to nearby wireless networks in passive scan mode, including scans from Linux-based sensors configured to use passive scan mode. Active scan mode does not provide client information. Because Android-based sensors support active scan mode only, they do not provide client information. Client information is displayed in the [Clients inspector](/wifiexplorerpro3/the-clients-inspector).
If you have any other question, please [contact us](https://www.intuitibits.com/contact).
## See also
* [Find networks using other scan sources](/wifiexplorerpro3/find-networks-using-other-scan-sources)
* [The Clients inspector](/wifiexplorerpro3/the-clients-inspector)
# General
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/general-settings
General settings in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
Use General settings to configure the scan sensitivity, signal strength units, appearance, and more. To change these settings, choose *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings*, then click General.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Scan sensitivity | Adjust the scan sensitivity to hide networks with weaker signals. |
| Display signal strength as | Choose the units, *dBm* or *%*, to display signal strength and noise measurements. |
| Display 100% when signal strength is greater or equal to | Choose the *dBm* value that corresponds to 100% when displaying signal strength and noise measurements as %. |
| Display 0% when signal strength is smaller or equal to | Choose the *dBm* value that corresponds to 0% when displaying signal strength and noise measurements as %. |
| Delete networks if not seen after | Choose the time after which *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* deletes networks no longer found. |
| Appearance | Click the pop-up menu, then choose the *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*'s appearance. |
| Automatically save scan sessions to | Choose to save scan sessions automatically. To select the location for autosave files, click the pop-up menu, then choose the location you want to use. |
| Limit autosave files to | Set the maximum number of autosave files. When *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* reaches the limit, it overwrites older files to save new scan sessions. |
| Automatically check for updates | Choose to automatically check for updates and how often to check. |
When *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* reaches the **Limit autosave files to** limit, it overwrites the oldest autosave file to save the new scan session. This cannot be undone.
## See also
* [Filter scan results](/wifiexplorerpro3/filter-scan-results)
# Hide empty graphs
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/hide-empty-graphs
Automatically hide empty spectrum graphs in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* can automatically hide the 2.4 or 5 GHz section of the *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz* graph if no networks are being displayed for that band.
## Turn on automatic hiding in Advanced settings
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* > *Advanced*.
2. Select **Hide 2.4 or 5 GHz graphs if no networks are displayed**.
## See also
* [Change Advanced settings](/wifiexplorerpro3/advanced-settings)
# Import data from external programs
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/import-data-from-external-programs
Import Wi-Fi scan data from mobile apps into WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
You can import data in CSV format from specific mobile applications that can be used for Wi-Fi scanning, including Apple's [AirPort Utility](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/airport-utility/id427276530) (iOS), [Analiti](https://analiti.com) (Android), [Aruba Utilities](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.arubanetworks.arubautilities\&hl=en_US\&gl=US) (Android), and [7Signal's Mobile Eye](https://www.7signal.com/products/mobile-eye), and display the scan results in *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*.
When importing scan results from these mobile applications into *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*, many of the columns and fields will be blank since the data from the results is very limited and doesn't include all the information that can be normally retrieved from a scan.
The number of columns in *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* that can be populated from CSV data varies between mobile applications:
| Column | AirPort Utility | Analiti | Aruba Utilities | Mobile Eye |
| - | :-: | :-: | :-: | :-: |
| BSSID | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Vendor | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Network Name | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Signal | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Channel | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Band | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Seen | ✔︎\* | ✔︎ | | |
| First Seen | ✔︎\* | ✔︎ | | |
| Last Seen | ✔︎\* | ✔︎ | | |
| AP Name | | ✔︎ | | |
| Channel Width | | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Basic Rates | | ✔︎ | | |
| Max Rate | | ✔︎ | | |
| Security | | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | |
| Channel Utilization | | ✔︎ | | ✔︎ |
| Stations | | ✔︎ | | ✔︎ |
\* *Only the time of the day is available. Date is always set to January 1, 2000.*
***
## AirPort Utility
Apple's [AirPort Utility](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/airport-utility/id427276530) for iOS includes a Wi-Fi scanner you can use to scan for nearby networks from your iPhone or iPad. Scan results include the following fields: BSSID, SSID, channel, RSSI, and a timestamp.
AirPort Utility offers different ways to share the scan results, including AirDrop, Mail, and Copy. You can choose any of them to import the results into *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*.
If you have macOS [Handoff](https://www.macworld.co.uk/how-to/apple/how-copy-paste-between-mac-iphone-3659951/) enabled, the easiest way to import the scan results from AirPort Utility is by using copy and paste. Just tap the share icon, choose *Copy*, switch to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* on your Mac, and choose *Edit* > *Paste*, or press ⌘+V.
Similarly, if you choose to share the scan results by using the Mail option, open the email message, select and copy the message's content by pressing ⌘+A, ⌘+C and then paste it into *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* with ⌘+V. Any signatures or footer information found in the email is ignored, so you don't need to worry about that.
If you choose AirDrop, open or drag & drop the text file into *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*. The same can be done if someone sends you a file containing the results. Just make sure the file's name has the `.txt` or `.csv` extension.
When importing scan results from AirPort Utility, the date portion of the *First Seen*, *Last Seen*, and *Seen* columns in *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* will show *January 1, 2000*. The time field found in the scan results from AirPort Utility only specifies the time of the day.
***
## Analiti, Aruba Utilities, and Mobile Eye
[Analiti](https://analiti.com) and [Aruba Utilities](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.arubanetworks.arubautilities\&hl=en_US\&gl=US) are two popular Wi-Fi analyzers for Android. [7Signal's Mobile Eye](https://www.7signal.com/products/mobile-eye) is a Wi-Fi performance agent for mobile devices.
You can import data from these applications by exporting the scan results as a CSV file and then opening the file in *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*. You can also drag & drop the CSV file into *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*.
If the scan results are sent to you on an email, you can also copy the contents (⌘+C) and paste them (⌘+V) into *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*.
There is no historical signal strength information available when importing data from Analiti, Aruba Utilities, or Mobile Eye.
## See also
* [Create and manage profiles](/wifiexplorerpro3/create-and-manage-profiles)
* [The Clients inspector](/wifiexplorerpro3/the-clients-inspector)
# Increase accessibility
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/increase-accessibility
Accessibility options available in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* provides additional options to increase the accessibility of the app:
* Ability to adjust the font size of the *Networks Table*, the sidebar, and the *Advanced Details* table. To increase or decrease the font size, choose **Make Text Bigger** or **Make Text Smaller** from the *View* menu.
* Ability to announce the name of the currently selected network and changes in its signal strength. To activate this option, select **Speak** from the *Edit* menu.
# Keyboard shortcuts
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/keyboard-shortcuts
Keyboard shortcuts available in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
Here are shortcuts you can use, in addition to those that appear in *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* standard menus.
## Scan
| Action | Shortcut |
| - | - |
| Start or stop a scan | Control-S |
| Save the scan results | Shift-Command-S |
## View
| Action | Shortcut |
| - | - |
| Organize networks by name | Shift-Command-N |
| Organize networks by access point | Shift-Command-A |
| Organize networks by access point radio | Shift-Command-R |
| Organize networks by access point vendor | Shift-Command-V |
| Activate the filter field | Shift-Command-F |
| Disable coloring rules | Option-0 |
| Enable coloring rules | Option-N, where *N* is the Nth coloring rule set. |
| Show network labels in the *Signal Strength*, *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz*, and *Spectrum 6 GHz* views | Option-L. If not selected, network labels are only displayed for the selected network or when hovering the mouse cursor over the graph. |
| Show selected networks only in the *Signal Strength*, *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz*, and *Spectrum 6 GHz* views | Option-Space. If selected, the graph displays only the selected networks. |
| Show center frequencies in the *Signal Strength*, *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz*, and *Spectrum 6 GHz* views | Option-F. If selected, channel center frequencies (MHz) are displayed under the view's graph's horizontal axis. |
| Size all columns to fit | Option-Command-= |
| Show or hide column separator lines | Command-L |
| Show or hide row separator lines | Command-K |
| Make text bigger | Command-Plus Sign (+) |
| Make text smaller | Command-Minus Sign (-) |
| Increase the *Network Details* or *Signal Strength* graph timescale | Shift-Command-. |
| Decrease the *Network Details* or *Signal Strength* graph timescale | Shift-Command-, |
| Select the *Network Details* view | Command-1 |
| Select the *Signal Strength* view | Command-2 |
| Select the *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz* view | Command-3 |
| Select the *Spectrum 6 GHz* view | Command-4 |
| Select the *Advanced Details* view | Command-5 |
| Select the previous view | Command-\[ |
| Select the next view | Command-] |
## Filter
| Action | Shortcut |
| - | - |
| Negate a sidebar (automatic) filter | Press the space bar to negate the selected sidebar (automatic) filter. The prefix **\~** identifies a negated filter, for example, *\~WPA2 (PSK)*. |
| Filter networks by signal strength | Control-*key* where *key* can be either 0-9 or Q, W, E, R, T, Y, U, I, O. The selected key represent the signal strength threshold. For example, 1 is -10 dBm (or 10%), 2 is -20 dBM (or 20%), and so on. The letters Q, W, E, etc. represent intermediate values, for example, Q is -15 dBm (or 15%), W is -25 (or 25%) dBm, and so on. Press Escape to clear the selected filter. |
## Spectrum Analysis
| Action | Shortcut |
| - | - |
| Show or hide the density view | Option-D |
| Show or hide the waterfall view | Option-W |
| Show or hide the live trace | Option-Shift-L |
| Show or hide the average trace | Option-Shift-A |
| Show or hide the maximum trace | Option-Shift-M |
| Show or hide the utilization trace | Option-Shift-U |
| Reset | Command-R |
# Organize scan results
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/organize-scan-results
Organize wireless network scan results in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
By default, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* presents the scan results as a flat list of networks sufficient for environments where only a few networks or access points are present. However, as the number of access points and networks grows, other options to organize the results might help. *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* makes use of various heuristics to provide four different options for organizing the scan results:
* *Organize Networks by Name*: networks are grouped by SSID. 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz networks are grouped under the same SSID.
* *Organize Networks by Access Point*: networks are grouped by access point. 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz networks created by the access point are grouped under a common BSSID.
* *Organize Networks by Access Point Radio*: networks are grouped by access point and band, which means that 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz networks are grouped separately under a common BSSID.
* *Organize Networks by Access Point Vendor*: networks are grouped by access point vendor. 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz networks are grouped under the same vendor.
Access point and access point radio groupings are inferred from advertised network data using heuristics. A group does not necessarily represent an authoritative physical-device identity.
When organizing the scan results, the group header row will combine information from the group's networks to summarize the configuration and different capabilities of the networks inside the group. *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* will use the *\* placeholder if it cannot combine the group's network information for a particular field.
To change how networks are organized in the *Networks Table*, select the desired option from the *View* menu. Clear the selected **Organize Networks By** option to present the scan results as a flat list. The *Count* column in the *Networks Table* displays the number of networks in a group.
## See also
* [Create and manage profiles](/wifiexplorerpro3/create-and-manage-profiles)
# Profiles
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/profiles-settings
Profiles settings in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
Use Profiles settings to create and manage profiles. To change these settings, choose *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings*, then click Profiles.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Active profile | Click the pop-up menu, then choose the profile you want to use. |
| Show profile chooser in toolbar | Choose to show the list of profiles in *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*'s toolbar. |
| Profiles list (on the left) | Shows the list of custom profiles. Select one to see or change its columns. To create a new profile, click the **+** button. To duplicate, reset, import, or export a profile, click the **More** button. |
| Columns list (on the right) | Shows the list of columns for the selected profile. To show or pin a column in the selected profile, click its **Show** or **Pin** checkbox. To add more columns, click the **+** button. |
## See also
* [Create and manage profiles](/wifiexplorerpro3/create-and-manage-profiles)
# Read and display data from capture files
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/read-and-display-data-from-capture-files
Import and display Wi-Fi network data from capture files in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* can display the capabilities and configuration of Wi-Fi networks found in capture files. You can import `.pcap`, `.pcapng`, `.wcap`, and `.pkt` ([OmniPeek](https://www.liveaction.com/products/omnipeek-network-protocol-analyzer/)) capture files.
When you import a capture file, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* looks for beacon and probe response frames to find Wi-Fi networks and retrieve capability, configuration, and historical signal strength information. It also reads and parses control and data frame header information to compile a list of associated clients for each of the known networks in the capture file.
The capture file must include valid link-layer (pseudo) header information for *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* to successfully import the file and create a list of scan results for Wi-Fi networks and clients. Supported link-layer headers include the [Radiotap](https://www.radiotap.org), [Per-Packet Information (PPI)](https://www.ikeriri.ne.jp/download/airpcap/ppi%20header%20format%201.0.9.pdf), and [Prism](https://www.tcpdump.org/linktypes/LINKTYPE_IEEE802_11_PRISM.html) headers.
The PEEKREMOTE (AiroPeek/OmniPeek) and [TaZmen Sniffer Protocol (TZSP)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TZSP) encapsulation protocols are also supported, but they must encapsulate a valid link-layer header as described above.
***
## Import a capture file
1. Go to *File* > *Open*.
2. Choose the capture file you want to import.
You can also drag & drop a capture file into *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*.
If the capture file doesn't contain any beacon or probe response frames, then *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* will show no network information.
## See also
* [Create and manage profiles](/wifiexplorerpro3/create-and-manage-profiles)
* [The Clients inspector](/wifiexplorerpro3/the-clients-inspector)
# Save and export scan results
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/save-and-export-scan-results
Save and export wireless network scan results in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
You can save or export the scan results.
When you save scan results, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* saves information about every network it found, including historical data, to a file with the `.wifiexplorer` extension.
When you export the scan results, you can export the data in PCAPNG, PCAP, or CSV format. PCAPNG is selected by default.
When exporting to PCAPNG or PCAP, all information available for each network is preserved, not just the fields currently displayed in the *Networks Table*. When exporting to CSV, only the values from the *Networks Table* corresponding to the non-hidden columns in the active profile are saved.
You can choose whether to export all the networks, only the networks displayed, or only the selected networks.
***
## Save the scan results
1. Choose File > Save As.
2. Enter a filename and click **Save**.
## Export the scan results
1. Choose File > Export All Networks, Export Displayed Networks, or Export Selected Networks.
2. Select the desired file format (PCAPNG, PCAP, or CSV), enter a filename, and click **Export**.
***
## Save graphs as images
You can export the *Network Details*, *Signal Strength*, *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz*, and *Spectrum 6 GHz* graphs as images.
To save an image from a graph, Option-click the graph and drag it to the desktop, a document, or email.
## See also
* [Read and display data from capture files](/wifiexplorerpro3/read-and-display-data-from-capture-files)
* [Import data from external programs](/wifiexplorerpro3/import-data-from-external-programs)
# Sensors
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/sensors-settings
Sensors settings in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
Use Sensors settings to add and manage sensors. To change these settings, choose *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings*, then click Sensors.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Sensors list | Shows the list of sensors. To add a new sensor, click the **+** button. To import or export the list of sensors, or to run diagnostics on a sensor, click the **More** button. |
## See also
* [Find networks using other scan sources](/wifiexplorerpro3/find-networks-using-other-scan-sources)
# Set network color
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/set-network-color
Set a permanent color for a network in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* assigns a random color to each network, which is not necessarily the same every time you run the app. If you use *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* to monitor or troubleshoot specific networks regularly (e.g., your home network), you can set a particular and permanent color for those networks, so it becomes easier to identify them, especially across sessions.
## Assign a permanent color
1. Select the network and switch to the *Network Details* view.
2. Click the colored square in the bottom-right corner of the *Network Details* view.
3. Choose a color from the palette. The color you select will be used for that network every time you run *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*.
## See also
* [Add and manage annotations](/wifiexplorerpro3/add-and-manage-annotations)
# Spectrum Analysis
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/spectrum-analysis-settings
Spectrum Analysis settings in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
Use Spectrum Analysis settings to adjust the visualization of RF data when using a spectrum analyzer. To change these settings, choose *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings*, then click Spectrum Analysis.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| When a spectrum analyzer is connected | Choose what happens when a spectrum analyzer is connected: *Start spectrum analysis automatically*. Spectrum analysis will automatically start when you connect a supported spectrum analyzer. |
| Decay (seconds) | Choose a decay window for the average and maximum RF energy level values. |
| Averaging window size (seconds) | Choose the window size for calculating the data displayed in the Density View, as well as the Average and Utilization traces. |
| Utilization threshold (dBm) | Choose the energy level threshold to consider the channel as occupied. |
## See also
* [Use a spectrum analyzer](/wifiexplorerpro3/use-a-spectrum-analyzer)
# The Clients inspector
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/the-clients-inspector
Information about clients associated to a network in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
The ![]()
![]()
*Clients* inspector shows information about clients associated to a particular Wi-Fi network. *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* finds clients by capturing and parsing 802.11 data and control frames while also scanning for networks.
Client information is not available when using active scan mode.
A list of the columns available in the *Clients* inspector is shown below:
| Column | Description |
| - | - |
| Address | The MAC address of the associated client. |
| Annotations | An editable column for custom labels or comments, e.g. "My iPhone". |
| BSSID | The BSSID of the network the client is associated to. |
| Channel | The primary channel of the network that the client is associated to. |
| First Seen | The absolute time at which the client was first found. |
| Last Seen | The absolute time at which the client was last found. |
| Signal | The current received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of the client in dBm. *This is the RSSI of the client as measured by the built-in adapter or capture device (external adapter, sensor, etc.)*. |
| Vendor | The name of the manufacturer of the client, if available. |
Because *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* is hopping between channels when scanning, not all clients might be found, especially if there isn't client activity when *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* is scanning the client's operating channel. However, the longer the scan runs, the higher the probability for *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* to find more clients.
To achieve higher accuracy in client detection, switch to *Passive Mode - Single Channel* when scanning for networks using your Mac's built-in Wi-Fi adapter and choose the channel of the network you want to monitor or troubleshoot.
The *Networks Table*'s *Clients* column displays the number of associated clients found for each network.
## See also
* [Find networks using the built-in Wi-Fi adapter](/wifiexplorerpro3/find-networks-using-built-in-adapter)
* [Find networks using other scan sources](/wifiexplorerpro3/find-networks-using-other-scan-sources)
* [Read and display data from capture files](/wifiexplorerpro3/read-and-display-data-from-capture-files)
* [Create and manage profiles](/wifiexplorerpro3/create-and-manage-profiles)
# The History inspector
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/the-history-inspector
Signal, noise, and SNR history for a selected network in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
The ![]()
![]()
*History* inspector shows the list of data points and the average, maximum and minimum values for signal (RSSI), noise, and SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio) for a particular Wi-Fi network.
The following table lists the columns available in the *History* inspector and their support in active and passive scan modes:
| Column | Description | Active scan mode | Passive scan mode |
| - | - | :-: | :-: |
| Timestamp | Date and time of the data point. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Signal | Received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of the wireless network as dBm. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Noise | Background noise level as dBm. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| SNR | Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the wireless network as dB. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Clients | Number of clients associated to the network. | | ✔︎ |
| Stations | Number of clients currently associated to the access point radio (QBSS-enabled access points only). | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Channel Utilization | Percentage of time the AP sensed the medium (channel) as busy (QBSS-enabled access points only). | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
You can export all the data points in CSV format. To export them, click **Export**.
## See also
* [Find networks using the built-in Wi-Fi adapter](/wifiexplorerpro3/find-networks-using-built-in-adapter)
* [Find networks using other scan sources](/wifiexplorerpro3/find-networks-using-other-scan-sources)
* [Read and display data from capture files](/wifiexplorerpro3/read-and-display-data-from-capture-files)
# The Issues inspector
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/the-issues-inspector
Issues and recommendations for a selected network in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
The ![]()
![]()
*Issues* inspector shows possible issues and recommendations for a particular Wi-Fi network. Recommendations are shown based on the capabilities and configuration of the network and the conditions of the current Wi-Fi environment.
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* will try to identify and offer recommendations for the following possible issues:
| Issue | Description |
| - | - |
| 40 MHz Channel Width | Shown when the selected network uses a 40 MHz channel width in the 2.4 GHz band. |
| 2.4 GHz Only | Shown when the selected network is only operating in the 2.4 GHz band. |
| Hidden Network | Shown when the selected network is configured as a *hidden* network. |
| Large Group of Networks | Shown when the selected network is part of a large group of networks belonging to the same access point. |
| Legacy Equipment | Shown when the access point of the selected network appears too old and lacks support for modern 802.11 technologies. |
| Low Signal Strength | Shown when the selected network has low signal strength. |
| Overlapping 2.4 GHz Channel | Shown when the selected network is using a 2.4 GHz channel other than 1, 6 or 11. |
| Separate Network Names | Shown when the selected network has separate SSIDs for the 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz bands. |
| Too Many Networks | Shown when too many networks are using the same channel as the selected network. |
| Weak Security | Shown when the selected network is open, or when the selected network is using legacy or weak security modes. |
## See also
* [Wi-Fi troubleshooting basics](/troubleshooting-basics)
# The Proximity Beacon inspector
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/the-proximity-beacon-inspector
Information about nearby proximity beacons in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
The ![]()
![]()
*Proximity Beacon* inspector shows information about nearby proximity beacons. Two types of proximity beacons are supported: [iBeacon](https://developer.apple.com/ibeacon/) and [AltBeacon](https://altbeacon.org).
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* uses your Mac's built-in Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) radio to scan for proximity beacons.
You can use the information provided by the *Proximity Beacon* inspector to detect the presence of proximity beacons or to design, validate, and troubleshoot the deployment of proximity beacons as part of a Wi-Fi network installation.
A list of the columns available in the *Proximity Beacon* inspector is shown below:
| Column | Description |
| - | - |
| Major | The *major* identifier (0-65535) assigned to the proximity beacon. |
| Measured Power | The received signal strength indicator (RSSI) measured at 1 meter from the proximity beacon as dBm. |
| Minor | The *minor* identifier (0-65535) assigned to the proximity beacon. |
| Protocol | The protocol implemented by the proximity beacon. The protocol can be either [iBeacon](https://developer.apple.com/ibeacon/) or [AltBeacon](https://altbeacon.org). |
| Proximity UUID | The Universally Unique Identifier (UUID) of the proximity beacon. |
| Signal | The current received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of the proximity beacon as dBm. |
# The Utilization inspector
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/the-utilization-inspector
Channel utilization statistics in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
The ![]()
![]()
*Utilization* inspector shows several utilization statistics for each occupied channel in the 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz bands.
The following table lists the columns available in the *Utilization* inspector and their support in active and passive scan modes:
| Column | Description | Active scan mode | Passive scan mode |
| - | - | :-: | :-: |
| Channel | An occupied channel in the 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz band. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Band | The channel's frequency band (2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz). | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Beacon Overhead | Percentage of airtime used for transmission of beacons on the occupied channel. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Networks | Number of networks using the occupied channel as primary channel. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Overlapping Networks | Number of networks either using a primary channel that overlaps with the occupied channel or the occupied channel as a secondary channel. | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| Clients | Number of associated clients detected on the occupied channel. | | ✔︎ |
You can select an entry from the *Utilization* table to show only the networks using the selected channel as a primary channel. To include overlapping networks, select **Include overlapping networks in selection**.
When you select an entry from the *Utilization* table, the beacon overhead rating for the selected channel is shown at the inspector's bottom. Beacon overhead ratings are listed below:
| Rating | Beacon overhead |
| - | - |
| Low | Less than 10% |
| Medium | Greater than or equal to 10%, but less than 20% |
| High | Greater than or equal to 20%, but less than 50% |
| Very High | Greater than or equal to 50% |
## See also
* [Find networks using the built-in Wi-Fi adapter](/wifiexplorerpro3/find-networks-using-built-in-adapter)
* [Find networks using other scan sources](/wifiexplorerpro3/find-networks-using-other-scan-sources)
* [Read and display data from capture files](/wifiexplorerpro3/read-and-display-data-from-capture-files)
# The Zigbee inspector
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/the-zigbee-inspector
Information about nearby Zigbee networks in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
The ![]()
![]()
*Zigbee* inspector shows information about nearby Zigbee networks using a compatible Zigbee adapter. This integration helps you understand Wi-Fi and Zigbee coexistence when planning, designing, or troubleshooting Wi-Fi networks near Zigbee-based IoT devices.
When you connect a compatible Zigbee adapter, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* automatically starts scanning for Zigbee networks. Any found Zigbee networks are then displayed in the *Zigbee* inspector.
A list of the columns available in the *Zigbee* inspector is shown below:
| Column | Description |
| - | - |
| Channel | The Zigbee channel of the network. |
| Extended PAN ID | The Extended Personal Area Network (PAN) identifier. |
| Frequency | The frequency of the Zigbee channel in MHz. |
| Link Quality | The quality of the link (0-100%). |
| PAN ID | The Personal Area Network (PAN) identifier. |
| Permits Join | Whether the coordinator permits other Zigbee devices to join the network. |
| Signal | The current received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of the Zigbee network in dBm. |
Zigbee networks are also overlaid on the Wi-Fi networks at their corresponding channel frequencies in the *Spectrum 2.4 / 5 GHz* graph. Each Zigbee network appears as a dotted line labeled with its *PAN ID*. To disable the overlay, clear **Show Zigbee and Wi-Fi coexistence** in the *Zigbee* inspector.
## Compatible Zigbee adapters
The following Zigbee adapters are compatible with *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*:
* SONOFF Zigbee 3.0 USB Dongle Plus (ZBDongle-P) [\[SONOFF\]](https://sonoff.tech/product/gateway-and-sensors/sonoff-zigbee-3-0-usb-dongle-plus-p/) [\[Big QAM\]](https://bigqam.com/zigbee-30-usb-dongle-plus)
* Athom Tech Zigbee 3.0 USB Dongle (TI CC2652P + CP2102N) [\[Athom Tech\]](https://www.athom.tech/blank-1/zigbee-3-0-usb-dongle)
* RapidConnect ZigBee Smart Energy USB Stick (discontinued)
* RapidConnect ZigBee USB Stick (discontinued)
* RapidConnect ZigBee Home Automation USB Stick (discontinued)
You must install drivers for the RapidConnect USB dongles before using the device with *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*. The drivers can be downloaded [here](https://www.silabs.com/documents/public/software/Mac_OSX_VCP_Driver.zip).
## See also
* [Use a spectrum analyzer](/wifiexplorerpro3/use-a-spectrum-analyzer)
# Update the vendor database
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/update-the-vendors-database
Keep the vendor database up to date in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
The vendor database resolves an access point manufacturer's name from the Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI) portion of the BSSID, also known as the Company ID. New registrations are added to the vendor database as manufacturers create and distribute new products.
When you open *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*, the app checks for vendor database updates once a day. If an update is available, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* asks for permission to download it, unless **Automatically download and update database** is selected, in which case it updates the database without asking.
## Disable automatic check for database updates
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* > *Advanced*.
2. Clear **Automatically check for updates**.
## Manually check for database updates
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* > *Advanced*.
2. Click **Check Now**.
## See also
* [Change Advanced settings](/wifiexplorerpro3/advanced-settings)
# Use a spectrum analyzer
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/use-a-spectrum-analyzer
Visualize RF spectrum information and correlate it with 802.11 data in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* provides a spectrum analysis integration that lets you visualize RF information and correlate it with 802.11 data. This integration is not meant to be a substitute for dedicated spectrum analysis software; however, the level of detail should allow you to quickly identify non-802.11 energy sources and better understand the effects of interference and channel utilization on your wireless network.
***
## Choose a spectrum analyzer
The following devices are compatible for spectrum analysis:
| Make & Model | 2.4 GHz | 5 GHz | 6 GHz | Dual-Band1 | Remote2 |
| - | :-: | :-: | :-: | :-: | :-: |
| [MetaGeek Wi-Spy 2.4x (Version 2)](http://www.metageek.com/products/hardware/) | ✔︎ | | | | ✔︎ |
| [MetaGeek Wi-Spy DBx](http://www.metageek.com/products/hardware/) | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| [NetAlly NXT-2000](https://www.netally.com/wp-content/uploads/NXT-Portable-Spectrum-Analyzer.pdf) | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | | ✔︎ |
| [Oscium WiPry 2500x](https://www.oscium.com/spectrum-analyzers/wipry-2500x) | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | | ✔︎ | |
| [Oscium WiPry Clarity](https://oscium.com/) | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
| [Oscium Wi-Spy Lucid](https://oscium.com/products/wi-spy-lucid/) | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ | ✔︎ |
*1. Dual-band refers to performing spectrum analysis across the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands within a single pass. For the Wi-Spy DBx and WiPry 2500x, WiFi Explorer Pro 3 achieves this by quickly alternating between the two bands during the sweep, as the hardware cannot capture both bands in a single pass.*
*2. Remote refers to using a spectrum analyzer connected to a [sensor](/wifiexplorerpro3/connect-to-a-sensor). Remote spectrum analysis using the Wi-Spy 2.4x or Wi-Spy DBx spectrum analyzer requires [spectools](https://www.kismetwireless.net/static/spectools/) to be installed on the sensor. For the Wi-Spy Lucid and WiPry Clarity, [wipry\_raw](http://github.com/intuitibits/wipry_raw) is required.*
When you connect a supported device, the device will appear as a menu item under the *Spectrum Analysis* menu. You can use the device's menu item to turn the device on or off. You can also change the device's sweep profile.
You can use multiple devices simultaneously. For example, you can use a Wi-Spy 2.4x to sweep the 2.4 GHz band and a Wi-Spy DBx to sweep the 5 GHz band, or two Wi-Spy DBx devices, one for each band.
***
## Select different spectrum analysis views and traces
The spectrum analysis integration provides different views and traces that overlap with the Wi-Fi information displayed in the *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*'s Spectrum view. You can choose the various views and traces from the *Spectrum Analysis* menu.
### Density View
The *Density View* shows how signal strength varies over time at each frequency using percentile bands. The horizontal axis represents frequency, and the vertical axis represents signal level (in dBm). Each colored layer represents a percentile range of signal levels observed over time: 0–10% (gray), 10–30% (teal), 30–50% (yellow), 50–70% (orange), and 70-100% (red). Lower-percentile bands highlight occasional or weak signals, while higher-percentile bands indicate stronger signal levels that appear more frequently.
### Waterfall View
The *Waterfall View* shows historical energy levels across the selected frequency band. The horizontal axis is used to represent frequency and the vertical axis represents time. Color is used to represent energy levels, where blue is used for weaker signals, green and yellow to show mid-level signals, and red for stronger signals.
### Live Trace
The *Live Trace* shows current RF energy levels across the selected frequency band. The horizontal axis is used to represent frequency, and the vertical axis represents energy levels (dBm).
### Average Trace
The *Average Trace* shows average RF energy levels across the selected frequency band. The horizontal axis is used to represent frequency, and the vertical axis represents energy levels (dBm).
### Maximum Trace
The *Maximum Trace* shows maximum RF energy levels across the selected frequency band. The horizontal axis is used to represent frequency, and the vertical axis represents energy levels (dBm).
### Utilization Trace
The *Utilization Trace* shows the average percentage of time the ambient RF signal around a Wi-Fi channel is higher than the selected signal threshold. To set the signal threshold, go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* > *Spectrum Analysis* and change **Utilization Threshold**.
For channels in the 2.4 GHz band, the average is calculated using a 5 MHz width around the channel's center frequency. For example, for channel 6, utilization is averaged in the 2434.5-2439.5 MHz range.
For channels in the 5 and 6 GHz bands, the average is calculated using a 20 MHz width around the channel's center frequency. For example, for channel 44, utilization is averaged in the 5210-5230 MHz range.
***
## Remote spectrum analysis
The NXT-2000, Wi-Spy 2.4x (Version 2), Wi-Spy DBx, Wi-Spy Lucid, and WiPry Clarity spectrum analyzers can be used with a sensor over SSH.
To use the Wi-Spy 2.4x (Version 2) or Wi-Spy DBx spectrum analyzers for remote spectrum analysis:
1. Install the [`spectools`](https://www.kismetwireless.net/static/spectools/) package. In Debian-based systems, including Ubuntu and Raspberry Pi, you can install `spectools` using `apt`:
```bash theme={null}
sudo apt install spectools
```
2. Enable the SSH user to run `/usr/bin/spectool_raw` with **`sudo` without entering a password**.
To use the Wi-Spy Lucid or WiPry Clarity spectrum analyzers for remote spectrum analysis:
1. Install the [`wipry_raw`](https://github.com/intuitibits/wipry_raw) utility.
2. Enable the SSH user to run `/usr/bin/wipry_raw` with **`sudo` without entering a password**.
For more information about setting up a sensor and configuring permissions to run `spectool_raw` or `wipry_raw` with `sudo` without entering a password, see [Configure passwordless sudo](/wifiexplorerpro3/connect-to-a-sensor#configure-passwordless-sudo).
When you choose a sensor for scanning, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* automatically adds a new *Remote NXT-2000*, *Remote Wi-Spy DBx / 2.4x*, and *Remote Wi-Spy Lucid / WiPry Clarity* device under the *Spectrum Analysis* menu, even if a spectrum analyzer is not connected to the sensor. Similarly, *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* will automatically add both 2.4 and 5 GHz bands as options for the *Remote Wi-Spy* device, even though it may not support the 5 GHz band.
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* will show an error if you start spectrum analysis remotely and haven't connected a spectrum analyzer to the sensor.
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* will show an error if you choose a band that the remote spectrum analyzer doesn't support.
To do remote spectrum analysis while doing a remote scan for wireless networks, connect a compatible spectrum analyzer to the sensor, then go to *Spectrum Analysis* and choose the desired frequency band under the corresponding remote spectrum analyzer menu option.
***
## Configure additional spectrum analysis options
The spectrum analysis integration in *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* offers additional options that you can configure to help correlate RF energy levels with Wi-Fi information.
To change these options, see [Change Spectrum Analysis settings](/wifiexplorerpro3/spectrum-analysis-settings).
## See also
* [Find networks using the built-in Wi-Fi adapter](/wifiexplorerpro3/find-networks-using-built-in-adapter)
* [The Zigbee inspector](/wifiexplorerpro3/the-zigbee-inspector)
* [Change Spectrum Analysis settings](/wifiexplorerpro3/spectrum-analysis-settings)
# Use coloring rules
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifiexplorerpro3/use-coloring-rules
Use coloring rules to highlight networks in WiFi Explorer Pro 3.
You can use coloring rules to quickly identify networks that meet specific criteria. For example, you can create a rule that colorizes all networks in the scan results with higher than 30% channel utilization. You can also create a rule that colorizes networks using an overlapping channel in the 2.4 GHz band.
Each rule has a name, a (background) color, and a filter. The name allows you to distinguish the rule from other rules. The color is used as the background color for all *Networks Table* entries that match the rule's filter. To learn more about filters, see [Filter scan results](/wifiexplorerpro3/filter-scan-results).
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* colorizes a network using the first matching rule when a network matches multiple rules.
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* allows you to group rules into coloring rule sets. Thus, you can define coloring rule sets for specific troubleshooting activities or scenarios. For example, you can create a rule set for designing and validating networks for Apple devices and another rule set for assessing best practices in the 2.4 GHz band.
You can quickly switch between coloring rule sets by going to *View* > *Apply Coloring Rules* and choosing the desired coloring rule set. You can also use *Option-0* to disable coloring rules or *Option-N* to enable the *Nth* coloring rule set.
***
## Create coloring rule sets
You can create coloring rule sets with different rules. You can also enable or disable rules in a rule set, add new rules, and reorder rules to change their precedence.
Rules at the top of the list have higher precedence.
*WiFi Explorer Pro 3* includes a default empty coloring rule set. This coloring rule set cannot be deleted or renamed, but you can add rules to it as with any other coloring rule set.
### Create a coloring rule set
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Coloring Rules*.
2. Click the **+** button under the rule set list to create a new rule set.
3. Add and customize rules in the new rule set.
***
## Manage coloring rule sets
You can switch between coloring rule sets. You can also rename, duplicate, import, or export a rule set.
### Switch between coloring rule sets
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Coloring Rules*.
2. Select a rule set under **Apply rule set**.
### Rename a coloring rule set
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Coloring Rules*.
2. Select the rule set and press **Enter**, then type a new rule set name.
### Duplicate a coloring rule set
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Coloring Rules*.
2. Select the rule set you want to duplicate.
3. Click the **More** button under the coloring rule set list, then choose **Duplicate Rule Set**.
### Import or export a coloring rule set
#### To import a coloring rule set:
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Coloring Rules*.
2. Click the **More** button under the coloring rule set list, then choose **Import Rule Set**.
3. Select the rule set you want to import and click **Import**.
You can also import a coloring rule set by dragging the file into the coloring rule set list in *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* > *Coloring Rules*.
#### To export a coloring rule set:
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Coloring Rules*.
2. Select the rule set you want to export.
3. Click the **More** button under the coloring rule set list, then choose **Export**.
***
## Customize coloring rule sets
You can add, customize, or reorder rules in a coloring rule set.
### Add a coloring rule
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Coloring Rules*.
2. Select the desired rule set.
3. Click the **+** button found under the list of rules to add a new rule.
4. Give the rule a new name and choose a different color if desired.
5. Enter a [filter](/wifiexplorerpro3/filter-scan-results) for the new rule.
When adding a new rule, you only need to choose the background color. *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* automatically selects the text color that gives the higher contrast.
### Enable or disable coloring rules
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Coloring Rules*.
2. Select the rule set, then click the **Enable** field for the rule you want to enable or disable.
### Rename a coloring rule
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Coloring Rules*.
2. Select the desired rule set.
3. Select the rule and press **Enter**, then type a new rule name.
### Reorder rules
1. Go to *WiFi Explorer Pro 3* > *Settings* and click *Coloring Rules*.
2. Select the desired rule set.
3. Select the rule or rules and drag them to the new position.
## See also
* [Filter scan results](/wifiexplorerpro3/filter-scan-results)
# Advanced
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/airtool2/advanced-settings
Advanced settings in Airtool 2.
Use Advanced settings to enable automatic frame slicing, adjust channel dwell time, and more. To change these settings, click on the *Airtool 2* menu bar extra and choose *Settings*, then click Advanced.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Data frames | Choose whether to save data frame payloads (Layers 3-7). See [Use automatic frame slicing](/airtool2/use-automatic-frame-slicing). |
| Channel dwell time (ms) | Enter the number of milliseconds that *Airtool 2* will listen on each channel when hopping between multiple channels. |
| 5 GHz channel bands | Choose which 5 GHz channels *Airtool 2* will capture on when doing a capture on all channels. |
| 6 GHz channel bands | Choose which 6 GHz channels *Airtool 2* will capture on when doing a capture on all channels, including whether to limit capturing to Preferred Scanning Channels (PSC) only. |
# General
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/airtool2/general-settings
General settings in Airtool 2.
Use General settings to adjust how *Airtool 2* performs Wi-Fi traffic captures, choose the location to save capture files, configure file limits and rotation, and more. To change these settings, click on the *Airtool 2* menu bar extra and choose *Settings*, then click General.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Launch capture in | Choose to launch the capture in [Wireshark](https://www.wireshark.org) (if installed). See [Do live captures with Wireshark](/airtool2/do-live-captures-with-wireshark). |
| Limit each capture to | Choose to limit captures by size, time or number of frames. |
| Capture files location | Choose the default location to save capture files or whether you want *Airtool 2* to prompt you to choose the location for each capture file. Capture files can be saved locally or uploaded to a cloud service. See [Integrate with cloud services](/airtool2/integrate-with-cloud-services). |
| Files per capture | Choose the number of files to be generated per capture session (see *Limit each capture to*). |
| Rotate capture files | Choose to rotate capture files when generating multiple files per capture session. |
| After saving capture file | Choose what to do after a capture file is saved: **•** *Do nothing*
**•** *Automatically open file in*: open the capture file in an external application of your choice.
**•** *Run command*: run a command to post-process the capture file. Use `%F` to specify the capture file's path — for example, the command `open %F` opens the capture file using the default application for handling capture files.
**•** *Save output to text file*: available when using *Run command*, saves the command's output to a file ending in *.txt* with the same name and folder as the capture file. |
| Show capture complete notification | Choose to be notified when a capture is complete. |
| Show device ready notification | Choose to be notified when an external device is ready for capturing. |
| Status icon | Choose to display the current channel and channel width next to the *Airtool 2* menu bar extra. |
| Automatically check for updates | Choose to automatically check for updates and how often to check. |
# Integrate with cloud services
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/airtool2/integrate-with-cloud-services
Automatically upload captures to CloudShark or Packets from Airtool 2.
You can configure *Airtool 2* to upload captures to [CloudShark](https://cloudshark.io/) or [Packets](https://packets.arista.com/) automatically. Once configured, you can use one of these services as the default location for saving captures.
For more information about using *Airtool 2* and CloudShark together, see [Airtool CloudShark Integration](https://cloudshark.io/articles/2015-08-05-airtool-integration/).
For using *Airtool 2* with Packets, please obtain an API key as indicated [here](https://medium.com/a-thousand-frames/bringing-wifi-tools-together-airtool-and-mojo-packets-969726802d6d), then go to the *Airtool 2* menu bar extra > *Settings* > *Upload* and enter the *email address* and *API key* associated with your *Packets* account.
## Manually upload capture files
1. Click on the *Airtool 2* menu bar extra.
2. Go to **Upload Capture** and choose the target cloud service.
3. Select the capture file and click **Upload**.
## See also
* [Change Upload settings](/airtool2/upload-settings)
# Sensors
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/airtool2/sensors-settings
Sensors settings in Airtool 2.
Use Sensors settings to add, edit or remove sensors. To change these settings, click on the *Airtool 2* menu bar extra and choose *Settings*, then click Sensors.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Sensors list | Shows the list of sensors. Edit or delete an existing sensor, drag entries to reorder them, or mark a sensor as *favorite* to also list it in the main *Airtool 2* menu. To add a new sensor, click the **+** button. To import or export the list of sensors, or to run diagnostics on a sensor, click the **More** button. |
## See also
* [Capture using a sensor](/airtool2/capture-using-a-sensor)
# Upload
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/airtool2/upload-settings
Upload settings in Airtool 2.
Use Upload settings to manage the integration with [CloudShark](https://cloudshark.io/) or [Packets](https://packets.arista.com/). To change these settings, click on the *Airtool 2* menu bar extra and choose *Settings*, then click Upload.
## CloudShark
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Appliance URL | Enter the URL of your CloudShark appliance. |
| API Token | Enter the token to be used for uploading capture files using the CloudShark API. |
## Packets
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Service URL | Enter the URL of the Packets endpoint. |
| Email Address | Enter the email address registered with your Packets account. |
| API Key | Enter the key to be used for uploading capture files using the Packets API. |
## See also
* [Integrate with cloud services](/airtool2/integrate-with-cloud-services)
# About Transfer
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/transfer/about
Overview, key features, and system requirements for Transfer.
*Transfer* is a reliable, standalone, multi-protocol file transfer server application for macOS. It is designed for network administrators and IT professionals who need to manage network equipment that uses a file transfer protocol to perform firmware updates, pull or push configuration files, retrieve logs, and more.
*Transfer* offers a file browser view for the *root directory* and two lists for displaying the status of transfers, one for downloads (read requests) and another for uploads (write requests). You can drag and drop files to or out of *Transfer*, or quickly preview, open, rename, and delete files in the *root directory* from the file browser view.
The information for each file transfer includes the name of the file, the transfer rate, how much time is left to complete the transfer (when the file size is known), the IP address of the client that initiated the transfer, and the protocol type. *Transfer* automatically saves the information of completed and failed transfers so you can go back and check something about them, or export them to CSV.
Settings are available to enable or disable file transfers over a given protocol, configure how to handle overwriting existing files during uploads, and other advanced settings for each supported protocol.
## Key features
* Multi-protocol file server: TFTP, SFTP, FTP, HTTP, and HTTPS
* File browser view of the *root directory* with drag-and-drop support
* Quickly preview, open, rename, and delete files in the *root directory*
* Separate download and upload transfer status lists
* Automatic history of completed and failed transfers, exportable to CSV
* Per-protocol settings, including overwrite behavior for uploads
## Supported protocols
*Transfer* supports TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol), SFTP (SSH, or Secure, File Transfer Protocol), FTP (File Transfer Protocol), HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), and HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure), over IPv4 and IPv6.
| Protocol | Default Port |
| - | - |
| TFTP | UDP 69 |
| SFTP | TCP 22 |
| FTP | TCP 21 |
| HTTP | TCP 80 |
| HTTPS | TCP 443 |
**Protocol extensions**
* **TFTP**
* TFTP Option Extension ([RFC 2347](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2347))
* TFTP Blocksize Option ([RFC 2348](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2348))
* TFTP Timeout Interval and Transfer Size Options ([RFC 2349](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2349))
* TFTP Block Number Rollover Option ([RFC 7440](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7440))
* **SFTP**: `posix-rename@openssh.com`
## System requirements
* macOS 13.5 (Ventura) or later
## Release notes
For a list of changes in each version, see the [Transfer release notes](https://www.intuitibits.com/release-notes/transfer/).
## See also
* [Glossary](/glossary)
# Frequently asked questions
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/transfer/frequently-asked-questions
Frequently asked questions about Transfer.
Find answers to frequently asked questions about *Transfer*.
*Transfer* is a standalone file transfer server, not a client. The client is responsible for initiating the file download or upload request.
Devices that use TFTP, HTTP, FTP, or SFTP to update or recover their firmware operate in one of two modes. In one mode, the device acts as a server, and it expects a client to *upload* the firmware to it when indicated. In the other mode, the device acts as a client, and it expects a server that can be used to *download* the firmware from it.
You can only use *Transfer* to update or restore the firmware of a device that acts as a client, expecting to *download* the firmware file from a server, in this case, *Transfer*.
#### TFTP
To allow TFTP traffic through a network firewall, you must create two rules:
* The first rule passes all UDP traffic from the client to your Mac. The client makes the first connection to the Mac on port 69, but it will then make a second connection on a *random* destination port.
* The second rule passes all UDP traffic from your Mac back to the client, irrespective of the ports involved because *Transfer* will respond with a *random* source port.
#### HTTP/HTTPS
To allow HTTP or HTTPS traffic through a network firewall, you must add a rule that allows TCP traffic from the client to your Mac on port 80 for HTTP, or port 443 for HTTPS.
#### FTP
To allow FTP traffic through a network firewall, you must create two rules:
* The first rule allows TCP traffic from the client to your Mac on port 21. If using PASV mode, you also must allow inbound TCP traffic on the [passive port range](/transfer/ftp-settings) configured in *Transfer* (50000-51000 by default).
* The second rule allows TCP traffic from your Mac back to the client on the same passive port range.
#### SFTP
To allow SFTP traffic through a network firewall, you must add a rule that allows TCP traffic from the client to your Mac on port 22.
## See also
* [Troubleshooting](/transfer/troubleshooting)
# FTP
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/transfer/ftp-settings
FTP settings in Transfer.
Use FTP settings to configure advanced FTP options. To change these settings, choose *Transfer* > *Settings*, then click FTP.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Allow anonymous logins | Check to allow access by entering *anonymous* or *ftp* as the username and no password. |
| Passive port range | Specify the port range used for passive (PASV) FTP data connections. |
Enabling **Allow anonymous logins** lets any FTP client access the *root directory* without a username or password. Only enable this on networks you trust.
## See also
* [Change General settings](/transfer/general-settings)
# General
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/transfer/general-settings
General settings in Transfer.
Use General settings to configure active file transfer protocols, error handling, and cleanup options. To change these settings, choose *Transfer* > *Settings*, then click General.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| File transfer protocol | Choose which file transfer protocols to enable, and the port number each one listens on. |
| Username, password | Enter the username and password that clients must use for authentication, when required by the enabled protocol. |
| When uploading, if the file already exists | Choose how *Transfer* handles overwriting an existing file during an upload request. |
| Remove transfer list items | Choose when to remove items from the transfer history. |
| Automatically check for updates | Choose to automatically check for updates, and how often to check. |
## See also
* [Change TFTP settings](/transfer/tftp-settings)
* [Change FTP settings](/transfer/ftp-settings)
* [Change HTTP/HTTPS settings](/transfer/http-https-settings)
# HTTP/HTTPS
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/transfer/http-https-settings
HTTP and HTTPS settings in Transfer.
Use HTTP/HTTPS settings to configure advanced HTTP and HTTPS options. To change these settings, choose *Transfer* > *Settings*, then click HTTP/HTTPS.
## General options
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Allow unauthenticated requests | Check to allow access without entering a username or password. |
| Allow directory listing | Check to allow contents to be listed when accessing a directory's URL. |
Enabling **Allow unauthenticated requests** lets any HTTP or HTTPS client access the *root directory* without a username or password. Only enable this on networks you trust.
## TLS certificate options
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Generate self-signed certificate | Generate and use a locally created TLS certificate for HTTPS connections. |
| Use existing certificate (PKCS#12) | Use an existing PKCS#12 (.p12) certificate file and password for HTTPS connections. |
## See also
* [Change General settings](/transfer/general-settings)
# Manage transfer history
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/transfer/manage-transfer-history
View and export the history of file transfers in Transfer.
*Transfer* keeps a history of file downloads and uploads.
By default, *Transfer* removes items from history after 30 days. Go to *Transfer* > *Settings* > *General* to change when to remove items from history.
The information for each transfer includes the name of the file, file transfer protocol, the transfer rate, how much time it took to complete the transfer, and the IP address of the client that requested the transfer. If the transfer failed, information may also include some details about the error.
Right-click an entry, then choose **Copy Filename** to copy the name of the transferred file.
*Transfer* keeps a history of transfers per *root directory*.
## Export transfer history
1. Choose *File* > *Export History…*.
2. Enter a name and click **Export**.
## See also
* [Select a root directory](/transfer/select-a-root-directory)
# Select a root directory
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/transfer/select-a-root-directory
Choose the root directory Transfer uses to serve and receive files.
The *root directory* is the folder where *Transfer* saves the files after a successful upload request. It is also the folder that contains the files made available to clients for download.
## Select the root directory on first launch
The first time you launch *Transfer*, it sets up a *root directory* automatically. The App Store version prompts you to select the folder you want to use; the non-App Store version doesn't prompt you and instead defaults to `~/Transfer`.
The *root directory* can be made read-only so that only downloads are allowed. To make the *root directory* read-only, select **Read Only** in the *Transfer* toolbar.
You can show the contents of the *root directory* in Finder by clicking **Show**.
## Change the root directory from the toolbar
1. In the *Transfer* toolbar, click the path of the current root directory.
2. Choose **Other…**, then select a new directory.
*Transfer* keeps a history of the last ten previously used directories. To switch to a previous directory, click the current root directory path and choose a directory from the menu.
## See also
* [Change General settings](/transfer/general-settings)
# Serve files to clients
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/transfer/serve-files-to-clients
Make files available to clients using Transfer.
When launching *Transfer*, a server instance for each supported protocol is created and bound to your Mac's existing network interfaces. *Transfer* shows the protocols and list of IP addresses that a client can use to reach it at the bottom bar.
Right-click over the bottom bar to choose and copy an IP address.
## Manage files from the file browser view
*Transfer* serves files from the *root directory*. The App Store version prompts you to select this folder the first time you launch it; the non-App Store version defaults to `~/Transfer`. You can later change the *root directory* to serve files from a different location.
Using the file browser view, you can drag and drop files to or out of *Transfer*, or quickly preview, open, rename, or delete files in the *root directory*.
You can organize the files into folders; however, note that a TFTP client might not support paths and may only accept filenames.
When using SFTP, *Transfer* will always present to clients a *root directory* called */Transfer* regardless of where the server's *root directory* is located on your machine.
## See also
* [Select a root directory](/transfer/select-a-root-directory)
# TFTP
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/transfer/tftp-settings
TFTP settings in Transfer.
Use TFTP settings to configure advanced TFTP options. To change these settings, choose *Transfer* > *Settings*, then click TFTP.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Allow broadcast transfer requests | Allow *Transfer* to receive TFTP requests sent to the broadcast address (255.255.255.255). |
| Retransmission timeout (seconds) | Set the number of seconds *Transfer* waits before retransmitting a file block. |
| Retry limit | Set the maximum number of retransmission attempts for a lost file block. |
| Accept options | Select which TFTP options *Transfer* accepts during option negotiation: **•** *Timeout*: retransmission timeout negotiation.
**•** *Block Size*: larger TFTP data blocks.
**•** *Transfer Size*: total file size negotiation.
**•** *Block Number Rollover*: transfers exceeding the 16-bit block number limit. |
## See also
* [Change General settings](/transfer/general-settings)
# Troubleshooting
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/transfer/troubleshooting
Troubleshoot connection issues in Transfer.
If you're having problems connecting to *Transfer*, make sure the file transfer protocol you're using is enabled (*Transfer* > *Settings* > *General*) and that no firewall is blocking access to *Transfer* on your Mac.
Also, if you're trying to connect with an HTTP, HTTPS, FTP or SFTP client, make sure the client is using the correct username or password (*Transfer* > *Settings* > *General*).
If you need more details about file transfers and connection attempts, choose *View* > *Show Logs* or Command-L. In addition to information and error messages, you can also enable debug messages by choosing *Help* > *Enable Debug*.
***
## Resolve a "port already in use" error
If a protocol's status shows *Unable to listen for \[protocol] requests: port \[number] already in use*, another server on your Mac is already using that port. *Transfer* listens on the following ports by default:
| Protocol | Default Port |
| - | - |
| TFTP | UDP 69 |
| HTTP | TCP 80 |
| FTP | TCP 21 |
| SFTP | TCP 22 |
macOS includes built-in servers for TFTP, HTTP, FTP, and SFTP that may already be running and holding the port. To free it up:
### TFTP
Open Terminal and run:
```bash theme={null}
sudo launchctl stop com.apple.tftpd
sudo launchctl unload -F /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/tftp.plist
```
### HTTP
Open Terminal and run:
```bash theme={null}
sudo launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/org.apache.httpd.plist
```
### FTP
Go to *System Settings* > *General* > *Sharing* and turn off **File Sharing**, or open its options and deselect FTP access.
### SFTP
Go to *System Settings* > *General* > *Sharing* and turn off **Remote Login**.
If none of the built-in servers are the cause, a third-party application may be using the port instead. Check that application's documentation for how to disable it.
Once the port is free, click **Retry** next to the affected protocol in *Transfer*.
## See also
* [Change General settings](/transfer/general-settings)
* [FAQ](/transfer/frequently-asked-questions)
# About WiFi Signal
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifisignal/about
Overview, key features, and system requirements for WiFi Signal.
*WiFi Signal* is a system menu bar application that provides easy access to your Wi-Fi connection details and monitors the signal quality of your wireless network.
## Key features
* Simple, straightforward user interface
* Fully customizable, multi-line status icon display options
* Annotations to quickly identify different access points
* Real-time graphs for signal strength and noise level, Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), data rate, or MCS index (if supported)
* Notifications and event logging for common events, such as when the computer joins or disconnects from a network, moves to a different access point, or when data rate or channel configuration changes are detected
## System requirements
* macOS 13.5 (Ventura) or later
* Built-in Wi-Fi adapter
## Release notes
For a list of changes in each version, see the [WiFi Signal release notes](https://www.intuitibits.com/release-notes/wifisignal/).
## See also
* [Glossary](/glossary)
# Annotations
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifisignal/annotations-settings
Annotations settings in WiFi Signal.
Use Annotations settings to create and manage annotations. To change these settings, click on the *WiFi Signal* menu bar extra, then click on the *gear* icon and choose *Settings*, then select Annotations.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Search | Use the search field to show only the annotations you want to manage. |
| Annotations list | Shows the list of annotations. To create a new annotation, click the **+** button. To remove the selected annotation, click the **-** button. To import or export annotations, click the **Action** button. |
| Annotate Current Network | Creates a new annotation using the BSSID of your Mac's current Wi-Fi network connection. |
## See also
* [Use annotations](/wifisignal/use-annotations)
# Customize status display
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifisignal/customize-status-display
Customize the status information shown in the WiFi Signal menu bar extra.
You can fully customize the status information shown in the *WiFi Signal* menu bar extra using display patterns.
A display pattern is a string that contains one or more identifiers that represent a specific metric or property of the network connection. *WiFi Signal* automatically replaces an identifier with the corresponding metric or property value. You can also include any text around these identifiers to provide contextual information or separate between values.
You can use two lines to display the status information. When using two lines, *WiFi Signal* will automatically adjust the font size.
The following is the list of supported metrics or properties that you can use when customizing the status display:
| Metric or Property | Identifier |
| - | - |
| Network name (SSID) | %N |
| BSSID | %B |
| Frequency band (GHz) | %F |
| Network mode | %E |
| Channel | %C |
| Channel width (MHz) | %W |
| MCS index | %X |
| Signal strength (dBm) | %S |
| Signal strength (%) | %P |
| Noise (dBm) | %U |
| Noise (%) | %Q |
| SNR (dB) | %R |
| Current data rate (Mbps) | %T |
| Number of spatial streams | %L |
| Annotations | %A |
| Access point's vendor name | %V |
| Access point's AP name | %D |
| Wi-Fi adapter's IP address | %I |
***
## Set the display pattern
1. Click on the *WiFi Signal* menu bar extra.
2. Click on the *gear* icon and choose *Settings* > *Status*.
3. Enter the desired display pattern.
For a multi-line display, enter the display pattern for the first line in **Display Pattern Line 1** and the display pattern for the second line in **Display Pattern Line 2**. If using a single line for the status information, enter the display pattern in either **Display Pattern Line 1** or **Display Pattern Line 2**.
### Examples:
| Display Pattern | Result |
| - | - |
| `%N \| Ch %C@%W MHz` | `My Network Name \| Ch 6@20 MHz` |
| `%N (%A) - Ch %C, %T Mbps` | `My Network Name (Office) - Ch 6, 233 Mbps` |
| `%B - %V \| 802.11%E` | `00:11:22:33:44:55 - Apple \| 802.11ac` |
## Advanced options
You can also use *modifiers* in the display pattern to make individual sections of the text bold or truncate the metric or property value.
To make an individual section of the text bold, surround the text with `**`.
To truncate the value of a metric or property, use `[start:stop]` after the metric or property identifier, where `start` is the zero-based begin index of the text and `stop` is the end index. If you don't provide a `start` or `stop` index, *WiFi Signal* assumes 0 or the text's length, respectively.
### Examples:
| Display Pattern | Result |
| - | - |
| `**%N** \| Ch %C@%W MHz` | **My Network Name** \| `Ch 6@20 MHz` |
| `%B[9:] - %V \| 802.11%E` | `33:44:55 - Apple \| 802.11ac` |
## See also
* [Change Status settings](/wifisignal/status-settings)
# General
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifisignal/general-settings
General settings in WiFi Signal.
Use General settings to configure the signal strength display units, what metrics should be shown, and more. To change these settings, click on the *WiFi Signal* menu bar extra, then click on the *gear* icon and choose *Settings*, then select General.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Display signal strength as | Choose the units, *dBm* or *%*, to display signal strength and noise measurements. |
| Graph | Choose what metric should be graphed: **•** *Signal Strength*
**•** *Signal-to-Noise Ratio*
**•** *Data Rate*
**•** *MCS Index* |
| Show channel width | Choose to display the channel width together with the channel number. |
| Show IP address | Choose to display the IP address assigned to the Wi-Fi adapter. |
| Show MCS index | Choose to display the current MCS index. |
| Automatically close the application's popover | Choose to automatically dismiss *WiFi Signal*'s popover when clicking on any other area of the screen. |
| Automatically check and update database | Check and install new vendor database updates automatically. |
| Check Now | Click to check for vendor database updates manually. |
# Monitor signal quality
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifisignal/monitor-signal-quality
Monitor Wi-Fi signal strength, noise, and quality in WiFi Signal.
*WiFi Signal* monitors the signal strength and noise levels of your network, and estimates the overall signal quality of your wireless connection based on the following criteria:
| Signal-to-Noise Ratio | Signal Quality |
| - | - |
| Greater than 40 dB | Excellent |
| Between 26 and 40 dB | Good |
| Between 16 and 25 dB | Fair |
| Between 11 and 15 dB | Poor |
| Less than 11 dB | Very Poor |
If your wireless network is experiencing connectivity and stability issues, make sure SNR is above 25 dB. See [Wi-Fi troubleshooting basics](/troubleshooting-basics) for what to check if it isn't.
## See also
* [Monitor Wi-Fi events](/wifisignal/monitor-wifi-events)
* [Change Status settings](/wifisignal/status-settings)
* [Change Notifications settings](/wifisignal/notifications-settings)
* [Wi-Fi troubleshooting basics](/troubleshooting-basics)
# Monitor Wi-Fi events
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifisignal/monitor-wifi-events
Monitor and export Wi-Fi connection events in WiFi Signal.
*WiFi Signal* maintains up to 30 days of logs for various types of Wi-Fi events. Each log entry contains the Wi-Fi connection details when *WiFi Signal* detects the event, such as BSSID, network name, channel, channel width, signal strength, noise, SNR, and more.
*WiFi Signal* generates a log entry for each of the following events:
* **Join Events**: generated when the computer joins a network.
* **Roam Events**: generated when the computer roams to another access point. The SSID (network name) of the new access point must be the same as the SSID of the associated access point to be considered a roam event. The new BSSID and channel information is included in the roam event details.
* **Rate Events**: generated when the data rate of the Wi-Fi connection changes. This type of event is only generated when the data rate changes during the current association. Rate events are not generated if the change occurs because the computer is joining a new network or roaming to a different access point.
* **Channel Events**: generated when the channel configuration of the associated access point changes. This type of event is very uncommon, and it is usually not generated if you manually change the channel configuration of your access point since it is likely that your computer will disconnect and re-associate to the access point. In this case, join and disconnect events will be generated instead.
* **Disconnect Events**: generated when the computer disconnects from the network. This type of event is not generated if the computer disconnects from an access point to associate to another access point in the same network. In this case, a roam event will be generated instead.
***
## View logged events
1. Click on the *WiFi Signal* menu bar extra.
2. Click on the *gear* icon and choose *Events*.
The *Events* table shows all the logged events detected during the last 30 days. The *Events* table has many columns, but *WiFi Signal* only shows a few of them by default. Other columns can be enabled by doing Control-Click (right-click) over the table's header.
To show only the events you want to monitor, select the event type from the list above the *Events* table.
To monitor events detected only during the last hour, day, week, or month, select the desired period from the **Display** pop-up menu.
To delete all logged events, click **Clear**.
## Export Wi-Fi events
You can export the logs to a text file in CSV format.
1. Click on the *WiFi Signal* menu bar extra.
2. Click on the *gear* icon and choose *Events*.
3. Click **Export**.
## See also
* [Change Notifications settings](/wifisignal/notifications-settings)
# Notifications
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifisignal/notifications-settings
Notifications settings in WiFi Signal.
Use Notifications settings to manage notifications about Wi-Fi events. To change these settings, click on the *WiFi Signal* menu bar extra, then click on the *gear* icon and choose *Settings*, then select Notifications.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Notify me when | Select the Wi-Fi events you want to be notified about. You can choose to be notified when: **•** *This computer joins a network*
**•** *This computer disconnects from the network*
**•** *This computer roams to another access point*
**•** *The channel configuration of the access point changes*
**•** *The transmit rate drops below* a threshold you set (Mbit/s)
**•** *The quality of the link degrades*, based on either *Signal strength drops below* or *SNR drops below* a threshold you set |
| Use annotations if available | Choose to have *WiFi Signal* use annotations, instead of the network's BSSID, to identify individual access points in notifications. |
| Suppress when computer is asleep | Choose to prevent notifications from being displayed for Wi-Fi events that happened when the computer was asleep. |
## See also
* [Monitor Wi-Fi events](/wifisignal/monitor-wifi-events)
# Status
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifisignal/status-settings
Status settings in WiFi Signal.
Use Status settings to configure what information should be displayed in the *WiFi Signal* menu bar extra. To change these settings, click on the *WiFi Signal* menu bar extra, then click on the *gear* icon and choose *Settings*, then select Status.
| Option | Description |
| - | - |
| Display Pattern Line 1 | Configure the display pattern for the upper section of the *WiFi Signal* menu bar extra. If no display pattern is set for the lower section, the whole area is used. |
| Display Pattern Line 2 | Configure the display pattern for the lower section of the *WiFi Signal* menu bar extra. If no display pattern is set for the upper section, the whole area is used. |
| Hide signal strength indicator when using a display pattern | Choose to hide the signal strength indicator when other information is being displayed in the *WiFi Signal* menu bar extra. If a display pattern is not set, then the signal strength indicator is always shown. |
## See also
* [Customize status display](/wifisignal/customize-status-display)
# Use annotations
Source: https://docs.intuitibits.com/wifisignal/use-annotations
Create and manage network annotations in WiFi Signal.
Annotations are custom labels you can assign to particular networks. They can be used, for example, to indicate the location of an access point (e.g., "2nd floor") or to help identify or monitor several networks with the same network name (SSID).
*WiFi Signal* automatically uses annotations defined in [WiFi Explorer](https://www.intuitibits.com/products/wifi-explorer) or [WiFi Explorer Pro 3](https://www.intuitibits.com/products/wifi-explorer-pro). If you create an annotation for a network that already has an annotation defined in *WiFi Explorer* or *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*, then the annotation in *WiFi Signal* is used instead.
Annotations created in *WiFi Signal* are not visible in *WiFi Explorer* or *WiFi Explorer Pro 3*.
***
## Add annotations
You can annotate a network by going to *WiFi Signal*, clicking the *gear* icon, then choosing *Settings* > *Annotations*, and clicking the **+** button to add a new annotation for a given BSSID.
The BSSID field value may include **?** or **\*** to match multiple networks to the same annotation. **?** will match exactly one character, while **\*** will match zero or more characters. For example, an annotation with BSSID `11:22:33:44:55:*` will be displayed for networks with BSSIDs `11:22:33:44:55:66` and `11:22:33:44:55:77`.
***
## Manage annotations
To manage annotations, go to *WiFi Signal*, click the *gear* icon, then choose *Settings* > *Annotations*. You can add, edit, or delete existing annotations.
You can import or export annotations by clicking the **Action** button and choosing **Import** or **Export**.
## See also
* [Change Annotations settings](/wifisignal/annotations-settings)